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评估线性基础设施对斯里兰卡自然和保护区的范围和影响:对未来发展规划的影响
Dishane K Hewavithana1, Devaka K Weerakoon2, Shouraseni Sen Roy3
1Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and Policy, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA. dkh48@miami.edu.
Environmental monitoring and assessment
|October 7, 2023
概括
线性基础设施 (LI) 对斯里兰卡产生重大影响.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 经济发展中热带国家面临着线性基础设施 (LI) 的重大风险,因为景观的敏感性和威胁水平.
- 了解现有的LI网络的范围对于减轻进一步的息地碎片化和生物多样性热点扰乱至关重要.
- 斯里兰卡是一个热带生物多样性热点,需要对其LI网络进行评估,以平衡发展与保护.
研究的目的:
- 评估斯里兰卡线性基础设施网络的范围和影响,包括道路,铁路和电力线.
- 通过植被和建筑指数,分析LI与自然和保护区的空间分布.
- 确定对保护区影响最大的LI类型.
主要方法:
- 用空间自相关分析计算规范差异植被指数 (NDVI) 和规范差异构建指数 (NDBI).
- 多变量集群分析以根据潜在的LI影响对自然和保护区进行分组.
- 量化LI在不同土地覆盖类型和保护区的近距离和影响.
主要成果:
- 道路是斯里兰卡最广泛的LI类型,超过80%的土地在1公里内有道路.
- 高度的NDVI地区主要是人造的,保护区的贡献不到20%.
- 斯里兰卡超过50%的保护区受到三种LI类型的影响,电力线在这些区域中比例最常见.
结论:
- 斯里兰卡未来的LI开发必须采用景观方法,以尽量减少环境碎片化和干扰.
- 战略规划对于确定发展需求和保护战略至关重要,依据LI影响评估.
- 为了平衡经济发展与生物多样性保护,需要仔细考虑线性基础设施的安置和扩建.
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