早期生活压力对年轻成年人概率逆转学习和反应持久性的影响
Corinna Y Franco1, Barbara J Knowlton1
1Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Neurobiology of learning and memory
|October 7, 2023
概括
早期的生活压力,如虐待和忽视,可能会增加习惯性行为. 这项研究发现,童年的逆境可以导致更大的坚持学习的反应,可能有助于习惯形成.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 早期生活压力 (ELS) 与负面的成年健康结果有关,包括药物滥用障碍.
- 习惯性行为在药物滥用发展中起着至关重要的作用.
- ELS可能会改变神经发育,促进习惯性反应,而不是其他学习策略.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用概率分类任务,研究ELS对习惯行为发展的影响.
- 为了检查具有ELS病史的个体是否与对照人群相比表现出更多的习惯性反应.
- 探索习惯性响应,ELS和其他心理因素之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 健康的年轻人完成了天气预测任务,这是一个概率分类任务.
- 参与者学会了线索和结果之间的关联,在任务中期的概率反转.
- 习惯性行为是通过概率逆转后的响应坚持度来衡量的;收集了ELS,sSES,焦虑,抑郁和物质使用的数据.
主要成果:
- 一种衡量习惯性反应与报告的酒精使用相关,验证了其用于健康行为的使用.
- 特定形式的早期生活压力与应急逆转后的反应坚持性增加有关.
- 报告ELS显著的个体表现出更大的坚持,表明更习惯的学习风格.
结论:
- 童年的逆境可能有助于发展不适应的习惯形成.
- ELS可以影响学习过程,可能会增加习惯性行为的倾向.
- 这些发现表明神经发育途径,通过ELS可能会增加对药物滥用障碍的脆弱性.
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