弱势社区继续承担枪支暴力的负担
Owen S Henry1, Sai Batchu1, Joseph Lachant2
1Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey; Division of Trauma, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, New Jersey.
The Journal of surgical research
|October 8, 2023
概括
枪支暴力不成比例地影响弱势社区,随着时间的推移,枪支伤害增加. 这些干预措施导致这些地区的死亡率降低,医疗补助使用率增加.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 枪支暴力是美国重要的公共卫生问题,需要对风险因素和结果进行研究.
- 了解枪支伤害的社会经济决定因素对于制定有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估与社区社会经济劣势相关的枪支伤害趋势.
- 为了评估随着时间的推移在当地干预后,枪支伤害结果的变化.
主要方法:
- 在一级创伤中心 (2012-2021) 对枪支伤害的回顾性审查.
- 使用区域贫困指数 (ADI) 用于根据邮政编码衡量社会经济劣势.
- 分析了人口统计数据,伤害严重程度,医院病程和出院地点,按ADI五分位数和时间段 (2012-2016 vs. 2017-2021) 分层.
主要成果:
- 枪支伤害集中在最弱势的社区 (ADI Q5),随着时间的推移从71%增加到78%.
- 死亡率显著下降,从18%降至11% (P < 0.001).
- 医疗补助使用率从42%上升到77%,而自付状态则从44%下降到4% (P < 0.001).
结论:
- 在社会经济弱势地区,枪支伤害差异正在恶化.
- 当地干预与弱势群体的死亡率降低和医疗保健 (Medicaid) 获取增加相关.
- 区域贫困指数 (ADI) 为监测枪支暴力干预和促进公共卫生公平提供了有价值的工具.
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