酒精生物标志物CDT,EtG,EtS,5-HTOL和PEth的简要历史
1Division of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden.
Drug testing and analysis
|October 8, 2023
概括
本综述详细介绍了瑞典开发的CDT和PEth等酒精生物标志物,用于检测酒精消费. 这些标记物改善了超出直接乙醇测量范围的检测窗口,有助于临床和实验室医学.
科学领域:
- 临床和实验室医学 临床和实验室医学
- 生物标志物研究的研究.
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 酒精消费是一个重要的公共卫生问题.
- 准确检测酒精使用对于诊断和治疗至关重要.
- 传统的酒精检测方法在检测窗口方面存在局限性.
研究的目的:
- 追踪酒精生物标志物的历史发展.
- 要突出急性和慢性酒精消费的关键生物标志物.
- 讨论这些生物标志物的科学基础和应用.
主要方法:
- 酒精生物标志物分析研究和发展的历史回顾.
- 描述各种生物标志物,包括乙醇,乙基葡萄化物 (EtG),乙基硫酸盐 (EtS),5-基托 (5-HTOL),缺乏碳水化合物的转激素 (CDT) 和胺乙醇 (PEth).
- 讨论每个生物标记物的分析原理和消除动力学.
主要成果:
- 乙醇检测受到快速新陈代谢的限制.
- 非氧化代谢物 (EtG, EtS) 的检测窗口可以延长.
- CDT和PEth分别是危险和慢性酒精消费的特定生物标志物,具有不同的检测机制和消除半衰期.
- 氨酸代谢物比率可以表明最近的酒精摄入量,当乙醇是不可检测的.
结论:
- 像EtG,EtS,CDT和PEth这样的先进的酒精生物标志物显著提高了检测酒精消费的能力.
- 这些生物标志物,其中许多来自瑞典研究,是临床诊断和药物测试中的重要工具.
- 对酒精生物标志物的持续研究对于准确评估和管理与酒精有关的疾病至关重要.
相关概念视频
Mass Spectrometry: Alcohol Fragmentation
3.5K
Alcohols (R-OH) ionize to lose one non-bonded electron from the oxygen atom, forming molecular ions. Due to their tendency to fragment rapidly, the intensity of the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum is weak or sometimes absent. The fragmentation patterns for alcohols occur in two ways, i.e. ⍺-cleavage and dehydration. During ⍺-cleavage, the bond at the ⍺-position adjacent to the hydroxyl group cleaves to give a resonance-stabilized cation and a radical. However,...
3.5K
¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Temporal Resolution
1.2K
Protons bonded to heteroatoms such as nitrogen and oxygen exhibit a range of chemical shift values. This is due to the varying degree of hydrogen bonding between the proton and the heteroatom in other molecules. The extent of hydrogen bonding affects the electron density around the proton, thereby giving different chemical shift values for the protons in the proton NMR spectrum.
The –OH proton in alcohols typically appears in the range of δ 2 to 5 ppm but can vary depending on the specific...
The –OH proton in alcohols typically appears in the range of δ 2 to 5 ppm but can vary depending on the specific...
1.2K
CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine
226
Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
226
Serum Laboratory Studies, Stool Test, Breath Test
361
Gastrointestinal (GI) diagnostic studies are pivotal in confirming, ruling out, diagnosing, or staging various diseases, including cancers. Following diagnosis, allocating time for discussions with the patient and providing informational resources is crucial. Diagnostic assessments of the GI tract often occur in outpatient settings like endoscopy suites or GI labs. Preparation for these tests may include dietary restrictions, fasting, liquid bowel preparations, laxatives, enemas, and the...
361


