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与前脑和脑干神经调节核的注意力依赖性合在整个生命周期中发生变化
Nicholas G Cicero1, Elizabeth Riley1, Khena M Swallow1
1Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|October 9, 2023
概括
注意力转移源于大脑深层核,影响学习和记忆. 衰老显著改变了这些网络,老年人表现出基底前脑和脑皮层与皮层的连接性减少.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 衰老研究研究 衰老研究
背景情况:
- 注意状态对学习和记忆至关重要,反映了环境的可预测性和不确定性.
- 深层大脑核,包括基础前脑 (BF) 和脑部部位 (LC),被假设是驱动快速注意力转移的.
- 这些神经调节系统是第一个随着年龄的增长而改变的.
研究的目的:
- 描述BF和LC神经调节系统之间的寿命相互作用及其对海马体 (HPC) 和后带皮层 (PCC) 等目标的调节.
- 检查注意力突出如何影响不同年龄组在这些网络中的任务依赖功能连接.
主要方法:
- 功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 在目标干扰器去/不去任务中被采用.
- 在BF,LC,HPC和PCC之间分析了依赖任务的功能连接.
- 参与者包括年轻人,中年人和老年人,以评估寿命变化.
主要成果:
- 在年轻的成年人中,BF-HPC和LC-PCC的合随着行为相关性 (目标与分心因素) 的增加而增加.
- 中年期显示区域合的强度和存在发生了变化.
- 年长的成年人表现出基本上没有BF和LC与皮质目标的合,被强大的LC-BF相互连接所取代.
结论:
- 揭示了皮下神经调节系统在注意力中的不同作用,在整个寿命中发生变化.
- 衰老导致了显著的功能网络架构变化,这表明不同角色的减少.
- 胆固醇和诺亚上腺系统在衰老中的脱差与神经调节核内相互支持的转变有关.
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