制裁与经济增长:制裁是否影响多样性和发展水平?
Abdulkareem Alhassan1,2, Anoush Shabani Sabzehmeidani3, Amjad Issa Taha4
1Department of Economics, Federal University of Lafia, Nigeria.
Heliyon
|October 9, 2023
概括
经济制裁的有效性因国家类型而异. 广泛的制裁损害了发达经济体,而有限的制裁影响了发展中国家,影响了经济增长. 制裁的多样性和目标发展水平是关键因素.
科学领域:
- 国际关系 国际关系
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
- 政治科学 政治科学是指政治学.
背景情况:
- 经济和政治制裁是国际关系的关键工具.
- 他们的有效性在通过不实用性来确保合规性是有争议的.
- 了解制裁对目标国家的经济增长的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估各种制裁对目标国家的经济增长的影响.
- 分析制裁类型和目标国家的发展水平如何影响结果.
- 为有效实施制裁提供政策见解.
主要方法:
- 使用系统 时刻的通用化方法 (GMM).
- 采用了广泛的数据集,涵盖了1970-2018年.
- 捕捉了各种各样的制裁措施.
主要成果:
- 广泛的,多边的和出口制裁降低了发达国家的人均收入增长.
- 限制性制裁 (部分禁运,援助撤回,进口限制) 削弱了发展中国家的经济增长.
- 其他类别的制裁对发展中国家的收入增长产生了积极影响.
结论:
- 制裁多样性,目标国家的发展水平和发送人身份对于制裁与经济增长联系至关重要.
- 对于有效的制裁设计和分析,必须考虑这些因素.
- 该研究为国际关系从业者提供了宝贵的政策见解.
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