SARS-CoV-2尖端蛋白衍生免疫性,由几个HLAII类分子随意呈现,以及它们诱导获得免疫力的潜力
Yuki Yajima1,2, Akemi Kosaka2, Takayuki Ohkuri2
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan.
Heliyon
|October 9, 2023
概括
研究人员确定了SARS-CoV-2尖端蛋白,可以激活CD4+T细胞,这对细胞免疫至关重要. 这些对于在COVID-19疫苗接种后监测免疫反应非常有价值,特别是在多种不同的人群中.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 由SARS-CoV-2引起的COVID-19流行病构成了全球健康的重大威胁.
- mRNA疫苗诱导幽默和细胞免疫力,但成本昂贵,特别是对发展中国家来说.
- 识别特定的免疫原性是理解和监测疫苗诱导的细胞免疫力的关键.
研究的目的:
- 从SARS-CoV-2尖端蛋白中识别免疫性,这些可以激活CD4+T淋巴细胞 (Th细胞).
- 描述HLA限制和T细胞对这些的反应,包括变异.
- 评估这些的效用,以监测接种疫苗后基于T细胞的免疫反应.
主要方法:
- 产生SARS-CoV-2尖端蛋白特异性的CD4+ Th细胞系.
- 使用阻断抗体和HLA转移细胞确定HLA限制.
- 使用截断和氨酸替代的酸进行皮层映射.
- 评估T细胞对SARS-CoV-2变体和IFN-γ ELISpot测试的反应能力.
主要成果:
- 斯派克448-477是由HLA-DRB1*08:02,DR53和DPB1*02:02.2进行散乱的呈现.
- 斯派克489-513 ((N501Y) 是由HLA-DRB1*09:01和DRB1*15:02.02呈现的.
- 在疫苗接种后的PBMC中检测到T细胞对两种的反应;Spike448-477激活了CD4+和CD8+T细胞.
- 开发了四重体检测特定的CD4+T细胞识别Spike448-477及其变体.
结论:
- SARS-CoV-2 尖蛋白 Spike448-477 和 Spike489-513 含有由多个 HLA-II 类等位基呈现的表位基.
- 这些有效地激活CD4+Th细胞,促进细胞免疫力.
- 鉴定的是监测SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种后获得的T细胞免疫力的宝贵工具.
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