对考古材料应用热去磁:一种用于检测烧焦的粘土和估计其燃烧温度的工具
Yoav Vaknin1,2, Ron Shaar2, Oded Lipschits1
1Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
PloS one
|October 9, 2023
概括
逐步的热去磁化可以识别加热在190°C以上的泥和它们的冷却方向. 这种考古磁力方法完善了对考古学燃烧事件的理解,修订了对铁器时代结构的先前解释.
科学领域:
- 考古学是一种科学.
- 地质物理学 地质物理学
- 材料科学是一种材料科学.
背景情况:
- 燃烧材料在考古学中至关重要,但目前的方法难以确定低温燃烧 (<500°C) 或冷却方向.
- 逐步热去磁化 (STD) 是一种关键的考古磁性技术,需要验证用于燃烧材料分析.
研究的目的:
- 实验验证STD在识别低温燃烧泥和重建其冷却方向方面的有效性.
- 在考古样本上应用和验证该方法,修改现有的解释.
主要方法:
- 加热49个泥 (100°C700°C) 和3个控制器,然后逐步应用热去磁.
- 使用福里埃变换红外光谱法 (FTIR) 进行补充材料分析.
- 将STD应用于Tell es-Safi/Gath的烧毁的铁器时代结构材料.
主要成果:
- STD成功地将未加热的与加热的 (≥190°C) 区分开来,并准确地确定了最低燃烧温度.
- 该方法允许重建烧焦样本的冷却方向.
- 对铁器时代结构的分析表明,火灾发生在结构内部,而不仅仅是附近,并驳斥了以前的炉火发烧假设.
结论:
- 逐步的热去磁化对于识别低温燃烧材料及其在考古学中的方向是有效的.
- 这项研究修订了对铁器时代建筑物的破坏的解释,表明它是一个单一的,强烈的事件.
- STD为详细的考古磁性和古气温重建提供了一个有价值的工具.
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