道路安全:振动频率对驾驶员昏昏欲睡,反应时间和驾驶性能的影响
Applied ergonomics
|October 9, 2023
概括
低频全身振动 (WBV) 显著增加驾驶员的昏昏欲睡,并影响性能. 1-4 Hz和4-8 Hz之间的频率是最有害的,在几分钟内影响注意力和驾驶.
科学领域:
- 运输安全运输安全
- 人类因素工程 人类因素工程
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
背景情况:
- 司机的昏昏欲睡导致了相当一部分严重的机动车辆事故.
- 众所周知,全身振动 (WBV) 会引起昏昏欲睡,但具体的问题频率仍未确定.
研究的目的:
- 系统地调查不同全身振动 (WBV) 频率对驾驶员昏昏欲睡的影响.
- 为了确定最显著地损害驾驶员警觉性和性能的特定WBV频率范围.
主要方法:
- 15名参与者完成了在不同WBV频率 (0 Hz,1-4 Hz,4-8 Hz,8-16 Hz,16-32 Hz,32-64 Hz) 下的模拟驾驶课程.
- 用卡罗林斯卡睡眠度量 (KSS) 测量主观睡眠.
- 客观测量包括反应时间,车道位置标准偏差 (SDLP),转向角度标准偏差和处于不安全区域的时间.
主要成果:
- 最低的频率范围 (1-4 Hz和4-8 Hz) 显著增加了主观的嗜睡 (KSS分数).
- 反应时间和客观驾驶性能 (SDLP,转向角度,处于不安全区域的时间) 受到1-4 Hz和4-8 Hz频率的显著影响.
- 注意力损伤发生在15-20分钟内,在这些低频率下,驾驶性能下降30-35分钟.
结论:
- 低频WBV (1-4 Hz和4-8 Hz) 通过诱导昏昏欲睡和损害性能,对驾驶员的安全构成重大风险.
- 这些发现强调了需要运输安全标准,包括振动诱导的昏昏欲睡的限值.
- 进一步的研究应侧重于为监管用途开发等效的振动诱导的昏昏欲睡轮.
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