在Polycomb抑制复合体2基因OsFIE2中发生的突变促进了米中无性胚胎的形成
Xiaoba Wu1, Liqiong Xie2, Xizhe Sun3,4
1CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia. xiaoba.wu@csiro.au.
Nature plants
|October 9, 2023
概括
开花植物的繁殖依赖于在受精之前防止自主分裂. 在Polycomb抑制复合体2 (PRC2) 基因Osfie1和Osfie2中的大米突变显示高频无性胚胎和无受精的内精形成.
科学领域:
- 植物生殖生物学 植物生殖生物学
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 发育生物学是发展生物学.
背景情况:
- 在开花植物中成功繁殖需要在受精之前防止雌性性质细胞的自主分裂.
- 多镇压复合体2 (PRC2) 在维持细胞状态方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 了解防止过早细胞分裂的机制对于植物育种和繁殖成功至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究PRC2成分Osfie1和Osfie2在防止米无性繁殖中的作用.
- 阐明突变体中自主内和无性胚胎形成的分子机制.
- 确定母体和父体基因组在无性结构的发展中的贡献.
主要方法:
- 来自野生类型,Osfie1,Osfie2和Osfie1/Osfie2双突变的米卵的生成和分析.
- 无性胚胎和自主内精子形成的表型特征.
- 对无性胚胎和自主内的转录组分析,以确定激活的基因.
- 对单个和双重突变基因表达的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 双重突变的Osfie1和Osfie2的卵体表现出高频无性胚胎和无受精的自主内精形成.
- 单个Osfie2突变在较低的频率上显示无性前胚胎样结构.
- 转录组分析显示,无性胚胎中男性基因表达基因 (OsBBM1,OsWOX8/9) 的激活.
- 父亲表达的印记基因的母性等位基因在自主内中被激活.
结论:
- 卵子装置和中央细胞利用PRC2保持在受精前的非分裂状态.
- PRC2可能会沉默男性基因组表达基因的母性等位基因,以防止自主发展.
- 自主内的形成促进了在米配体中无性胚胎的发展.
更多相关视频
09:43Author Spotlight: Streamlining Rice Breeding with CRISPR/Cas for Obtaining Optimal Phenotypic and Agronomic Traits
Published on: January 3, 2025
2.4K
11:33Investigating Interactions Between Histone Modifying Enzymes and Transcription Factors in vivo by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
Published on: October 14, 2022
1.6K
相关概念视频
01:17Gene Regulation During Sporulation
20
Sporulation is a complex developmental process that allows certain Gram-positive bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium species, to survive extreme environmental conditions. This process is tightly regulated by a series of signaling cascades and transcriptional controls, ensuring the formation of a highly resistant endospore.Sporulation is triggered by unfavorable conditions, such as nutrient depletion, and is governed by a phosphorelay system. One of the sensor kinases, such as...
20
02:02Meiosis II
45.8K
Meiosis II entails cell division and segregation of the sister chromatids, resulting in the production of four unique haploid gametes. The steps for meiosis II are similar to mitosis, except that meiosis II occurs in haploid cells, whereas mitosis occurs in diploid cells.
The timing and cell division patterns of meiosis differ between males and females. In male meiosis, the centrosomes are part of the formation of the meiotic spindle. However, in oocytes, including that of humans, Drosophila,...
The timing and cell division patterns of meiosis differ between males and females. In male meiosis, the centrosomes are part of the formation of the meiotic spindle. However, in oocytes, including that of humans, Drosophila,...
45.8K
02:02Cis-regulatory Sequences
9.9K
Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
9.9K
03:09Meiosis I
40.8K
Meiosis is the division of a diploid cell into haploid cells forming sperm and eggs in animals through differentiation. Meiosis I is the first stage of meiosis, where the genetic recombination of homologous chromosomes and the reduction of the ploidy level by half occurs.
Prophase I is the most extended and complex step of meiosis I characterized by synapsis, chromosome pairing, and recombination of the homologous chromosomes. This process is facilitated by a proteinaceous structure called the...
Prophase I is the most extended and complex step of meiosis I characterized by synapsis, chromosome pairing, and recombination of the homologous chromosomes. This process is facilitated by a proteinaceous structure called the...
40.8K
01:10Zygotic Development And Stem Cell Formation
5.2K
The development of all multicellular organisms starts with the fusion of haploid cells called sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote. A zygote is a totipotent cell that can develop into a complete organism. The zygote undergoes cell division or cleavage to form an 8-cell mass. Until this stage, the cells are spherical, loosely attached, and remain totipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of developing both the embryonic and the extraembryonic tissues. However, as they continue to divide, they...
5.2K
02:50Transgenic Plants
7.3K
Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
7.3K