静脉注射Bacille Calmette-Guérin疫苗可以保护受类免疫缺陷病毒感染的虫免受结核病的侵害
Erica C Larson1,2, Amy L Ellis-Connell3, Mark A Rodgers4
1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. erl72@pitt.edu.
Nature microbiology
|October 9, 2023
概括
静脉注射 (IV) 巴西尔·卡尔梅特-盖林 (BCG) 疫苗在感染人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的人群中有望预防结核病. 这项研究发现,IVBCG保护了HIV感染和未感染的动物免受Mycobacterium结核病感染.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 由Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) 引起的结核病 (TB) 是人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染者的主要死亡原因.
- 目前的皮内巴西尔卡尔梅特-盖林 (BCG) 疫苗对肺结核提供有限的保护,并且在艾滋病毒感染者中禁用.
- 静脉注射 (IV) BCG 已在 rhesus 中显示出对 Mtb 的保护,这表明在感染猿类免疫缺陷病毒 (SIV) 的中具有潜在的疗效,这是艾滋病毒感染的模型.
研究的目的:
- 评估静脉注射 (IV) BCG在感染猿类免疫缺陷病毒 (SIV) 的中预防Mycobacterium结核病 (Mtb) 感染的疗效,作为人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染的模型.
- 评估IVBCG在SIV感染和原始动物中的免疫性.
主要方法:
- 静脉注射 (IV) Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) 给感染SIV和天真.
- 评估了T细胞在气道中的流入量和血和气道中的抗体标位.
- 试验动物感染了Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb),并对保护和细菌负载进行了监测.
主要成果:
- 静脉BCG疫苗接种诱导了强大的气道T细胞反应和SIV感染和天真的抗体标位升高.
- 在Mtb挑战之后,所有接种疫苗的SIV原始动物和12只接种疫苗的SIV感染动物中有9只受到保护,没有检测到可培养的细菌.
- 周围血液单核细胞的反应表明,在接种疫苗的动物中,无论SIV感染状态如何,MTB的早期清除.
结论:
- 静脉注射 (IV) BCG 疫苗是免疫原性的,并且在感染猿类免疫缺陷病毒 (SIV) 的模型中显示出在预防 Mycobacterium 结核病 (Mtb) 感染方面显著的有效性.
- 这些发现支持了IVBCG的潜力,作为对感染人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的人群结核病的保护策略.
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