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适应性随机性假设:模拟等终性,多终性和适应逆境的模型
Sofia Carozza1,2,3, Danyal Akarca1, Duncan Astle1,4
1Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 7EF, United Kingdom.
概括
随机性或随机性是大脑发育的关键因素,影响神经发育多样性. 早期的生活逆境,如低社会经济地位,增加了这种大脑布线的随机性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 计算神经科学是一种神经科学.
背景情况:
- 神经现象类型是从概率发展过程中产生的,而随机性是大脑自我组织的内在方面.
- 基因组和环境因素塑造着发育中的神经系统,但来自概率分布的随机性是一个重要的,经常被忽视的贡献者.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个研究神经发育多样性中随机性作用的框架,使用大脑网络的生成建模.
- 识别关键决定因素和随机性对大脑网络组织和强度的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用从中后部新生儿丰富俱乐部支架开始的生成模型 (发展人类结合体项目,n=630).
- 实施了类似于Hebbian的布线过程,以在 >10 ^ 7 模拟中生成可变的大脑网络拓.
- 经验测试了使用神经多样性儿童队列 (注意力,学习和记忆中心,n=357) 的框架,以评估与早期生活剥夺有关的随机性.
主要成果:
- 随机变化显著影响大脑组织,特别是在较弱的发育约束下.
- 增加的随机性增强了大脑网络对攻击的强度,但可能导致非规范的表型结果.
- 低社会经济地位被发现可以预测神经多样性儿童的更多的随机大脑连接.
结论:
- 随机性是神经发育多样性和结果的低估贡献者.
- 该研究为探讨随机性作用提供了一个框架,并为未来的研究做出了具体的预测.
- 早期的生活经历,如剥夺,可以调节大脑电线中的随机性水平.
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