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从婴儿期到青春期的皮质生长在早产和早产儿中
Claire E Kelly1,2,3, Deanne K Thompson1,2,3,4, Chris L Adamson3
1Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.
Brain : a journal of neurology
|October 10, 2023
概括
非常早产显著影响皮质发育,导致青春期的大脑体积和厚度大幅减少. 这些神经发育变化持续长期,影响过早出生儿童的认知功能.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 早期的生活经历,特别是非常早产,可能会对大脑发育产生负面影响.
- 非常早产对从婴儿到青春期皮质生长的长期影响仍然未被充分研究.
- 在童年时期,皮质网络的建立存在关键时期.
研究的目的:
- 图表典型的纵向皮层发育和性别差异在定期出生的孩子.
- 从出生到青春期,比较到期出生和非常早产婴儿之间的皮质发育.
- 为了研究青春期正常和受损认知的儿童之间的皮质发育的差异.
主要方法:
- 按期出生和非常早产婴儿的长度队列研究,在0岁,7岁和13岁时进行MRI扫描.
- 利用先进的MRI分析管道进行皮质表面重建和分片.
- 模拟的发育轨迹和对比的皮质体积,表面积和厚度跨集团.
主要成果:
- 按期出生的孩子表现出典型的皮质生长模式,女性皮质尺寸较小.
- 非常早产的婴儿呈现逐渐减少的皮质体积,主要是由于厚度下降,特别是在部区域 (0-7岁).
- 在非常早产的个体中,皮层体积和厚度的减少在13岁时被放大;变化的厚度发展与语言和记忆障碍相关.
结论:
- 非常早产对皮质生长产生了强烈的,持久的神经生物学影响,延伸到青春期.
- 这些发现强调了早期生活环境对神经发育轨迹的关键影响.
- 这项研究提供了关于非常早产对大脑结构和认知结果的持续影响的见解.
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