多胺和霍梅西斯:理解剂量反应二分法
Edward Calabrese1, A Wallace Hayes2, Peter Pressman3
1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
Chemico-biological interactions
|October 10, 2023
概括
聚氨酸如,精氨酸和精氨酸表现出hormesis,在植物中提供对环境压力因素的保护,并在动物中增强寿命和神经保护. 这些发现表明低剂量聚胺的应用对生物和生物医学有好处.
科学领域:
- 生物化学和分子生物学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
背景情况:
- 多氨酸 (氨酸,精氨酸,精氨酸) 是许多细胞过程中所涉及的必需分子.
- 荷尔梅斯是一种剂量反应现象,以低剂量刺激和高剂量抑制为特征,在生物系统中越来越多地被认可.
- 聚氨酸的抑制作用尚未以综合的方式全面审查.
研究的目的:
- 在hormesis的背景下对聚胺生物效应进行首次综合性审查.
- 综合植物和动物研究的发现,证明对多氨酸的荷尔蒙剂量反应.
- 突出聚胺诱导的化对生物和生物医学研究的影响.
主要方法:
- 系统审查现有的关于多氨酸和霍梅西斯的文献.
- 分析跨多种植物物种和动物模型的研究.
- 专注于各种生物终点,包括耐压力,寿命和神经保护.
主要成果:
- 聚氨酸在广泛的生物模型和细胞类型中始终诱导荷尔蒙剂量反应.
- 在植物中,聚氨酸通过hormesis提供了对环境压力因素 (干旱,盐度,极端温度,重金属,紫外线) 的保护.
- 在动物中,聚胺诱导的霍尔梅斯与有益的生物医学终点有关,如增加寿命和神经保护.
结论:
- 聚氨酸表现出高温性质,具有显著的保护作用,对植物的环境挑战产生保护作用.
- 聚胺介导的霍尔梅西斯有助于产生积极的生物医学结果,包括提高动物的寿命和神经保护.
- 这些发现突显了霍尔梅西斯在聚胺作用中的重要性,并为低剂量研究提供了指导原则.
相关概念视频
01:03Dose-Response Relationship: Overview
3.2K
Agonists can bind with and activate receptors, resulting in the formation of drug-receptor complexes. Once formed, these complexes catalyze many biochemical processes at the cellular level and subsequently induce a pharmacologic response. The degree of response is directly proportional to the fraction of activated receptors, which in turn, depends on the concentration of the drug at the receptor site as well as the sensitivity of the receptor. An increase in the administered dose contributes to...
3.2K
01:22Dose-Response Relationship: Potency and Efficacy
4.5K
The potency of a drug is the measure of its ability to produce a biological response and can be compared by looking at the half-maximum effective concentration or EC50 values of different drugs. A lower EC50 value indicates higher potency of the drug. In the dose–response curve of two antihypertensive drugs, candesartan and irbesartan, a significant difference is observed in their EC50 values. A lower EC50 value for candesartan indicates that it is more potent than irbesartan, as it...
4.5K
01:25Dose-Response Relationship: Selectivity and Specificity
6.8K
Drugs exert their therapeutic effects by interacting with receptors, enzymes, or ion channels that are present throughout the human body. The strength and duration of the interaction between a drug and its target receptor are characterized by the selectivity and specificity of the drug. Selectivity refers to a drug's strong preference for its intended target over other targets. For instance, isoprenaline, a non-selective β-adrenergic agonist, interacts with both β1- and...
6.8K
01:22Target Cell Response to Hormones
3.1K
Hormones intricately bind to receptors on the surface or within target cells, initiating a cascade of cellular responses.
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
3.1K
01:21Factors Affecting Drug Response: Overview
2.0K
When it comes to infants and young children, they are typically administered smaller doses of medication in comparison to adults. This is primarily because their organ functions still need to fully develop, meaning their bodies are not as efficient at metabolizing or eliminating drugs. Additionally, their blood-brain barrier is more permeable than in adults. As a result, high concentrations of drugs can easily penetrate the central nervous system (CNS), potentially leading to neurological...
2.0K
01:19Regulation of Hormone Secretion
3.5K
Regulation of hormone secretion is a finely tuned orchestration driven by various types of stimuli, encompassing neural, humoral, and hormonal signals. Environmental cues instigate neural stimuli, where action potentials traverse nerve fibers to reach their designated targets. An illustrative scenario is the body's response to stress, wherein the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine from the adrenal glands, inducing the well-known 'fight or flight' reaction.
Humoral...
Humoral...
3.5K