在新兴经济体中实现体面的生活水平,挑战了国家对二氧化碳排放的减缓目标
Jingwen Huo1, Jing Meng2, Heran Zheng3
1Department of Earth System Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Institute for Global Change Studies, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
Nature communications
|October 10, 2023
概括
在新兴经济体中实现体面的生活水平 (DLS) 需要8.6亿额外的二氧化碳排放,亚洲和非洲国家面临更高的增长. 许多国家都在努力平衡DLS目标与气候目标.
科学领域:
- 气候变化研究 气候变化研究
- 可持续发展研究 可持续发展研究
- 新兴经济体分析分析
背景情况:
- 新兴经济体面临着双重挑战:提高生活水平和实现净零排放目标.
- 这些国家人口和GDP的快速增长需要为可持续发展做好仔细的规划.
研究的目的:
- 量化与新兴经济体实现体面生活水平 (DLS) 相关的二氧化碳 (CO2) 排放.
- 评估DLS驱动的排放对全球气候目标和国家减缓战略的影响.
主要方法:
- 对DLS指标的二氧化碳排放要求的分析,包括移动性和电力.
- 对全球不同地区的排放影响进行比较评估.
- 对121个新兴经济体的预计DLS排放量与国家气候缓解目标之间的调整评估.
主要成果:
- 在新兴经济体实现DLS需要额外8.6 Gt的二氧化碳排放.
- 新兴的亚洲和非洲经济体预计将为DLS产生更高的额外CO2排放量,特别是在移动和电力领域.
- 超过一半的新兴经济体 (在121个中62个) 面临着在将DLS排放增长与国家气候目标相协调方面面临重大挑战.
结论:
- 虽然DLS的额外二氧化碳排放总量不太可能破坏全球气候目标,但在国家层面存在重大挑战.
- 针对性战略对于新兴经济体至关重要,以平衡追求体面的生活水平与雄心勃勃的气候减缓承诺.
- 解决像移动和电力这样的排放密集型DLS指标是新兴国家可持续发展的关键.
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