澳大利亚脑膜炎球菌监测计划年报,2022年
Monica M Lahra1, CR Robert George2, Sebastiaan Van Hal3
1World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for STI and AMR, Sydney and Neisseria Reference Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, NSW Health Pathology, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, 2031, NSW Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, NSW, 2052 Australia. monica.lahra@health.nsw.gov.au.
Communicable diseases intelligence (2018)
|October 11, 2023
概括
侵袭性脑膜炎球菌疾病 (IMD) 病例在2022年在澳大利亚上升了81%,其中血清组B感染占主导地位,特别是在幼儿和青少年中. 大多数隔离物仍然对诸如 ceftriaxone 等关键抗生素敏感.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 侵入性脑膜炎球菌病 (IMD) 在全球范围内是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 澳大利亚向国家可报告疾病监测系统 (NNDSS) 报告IMD病例.
- 缓解COVID-19制措施可能会影响疾病发病率.
研究的目的:
- 分析2022年澳大利亚IMD病例的流行病学和特征.
- 确定主要的血清组及其在各年龄段的分布.
- 为了评估循环中的Neisseria meningitidis菌株对抗菌素的敏感性.
主要方法:
- 对2022年向NNDSS报告的IMD病例数据的回顾性分析.
- 使用细菌培养和核酸放大测试进行实验室确认.
- 血清组的确定,细型化 (porA,MLST) 和抗菌敏感性测试 (MIC).
主要成果:
- 与2021年相比,2022年的IMD通知增加了81%,共计127例.
- 血清组B (MenB) 是主要原因 (83%),其次是MenY (10%) 和MenW (4%).
- 5岁以下的儿童和青少年 (15-19岁) 受影响最多;MenB在这些群体中占主导地位. 大多数隔离物对セフtriaxone,西普罗夫洛克萨和利芬素敏感,尽管5%显示出青素耐药性.
结论:
- 2022年IMD病例的增加凸显了持续监测的必要性.
- 血清组B仍然是澳大利亚IMD的主要驱动因素,确定了特定的porA类型.
- 虽然大多数隔离物仍然对关键抗生素敏感,但对青素耐药性的警是有必要的.
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