种族,社区劣势和认知衰退:KHANDLE和STAR的发现
Rachel L Peterson1, Rebecca Pejak1, Kristen M George2
1School of Public and Community Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|October 11, 2023
概括
社区的劣势影响了晚年认知能力,尤其对黑人来说. 弱势儿童社区可能会提高口头记忆,而成年社区会对黑人参与者的语义记忆产生负面影响.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 社区的社会经济地位显著影响老年人的认知健康.
- 认知衰老的种族差异很大,但社区层面的因素仍未得到充分探索.
- 区域贫困指数 (ADI) 量化了社区的劣势,提供了一个评估其影响的工具.
研究的目的:
- 调查社区劣势与晚年生活中的认知功能之间的联系.
- 检查社区的劣势如何导致认知衰老的种族差异.
- 探索童年与成年社区不利对认知的差异影响.
主要方法:
- 利用反向概率加权模型来估计基于社区劣势的认知差异.
- 使用区域贫困指数 (ADI) 上五分之一的童年和成年期来定义社区的劣势.
- 测试了种族之间的相互作用,以了解种族群体之间的差异性影响.
主要成果:
- 较高比例的黑人参与者居住在弱势社区.
- 居住在处境不利的童年或成年社区与总体上较低的语义记忆有关.
- 显著的种族相互作用显示,处境不利的童年社区与黑人参与者中较高的口头情节性记忆有关,而处境不利的成年社区与较低的语义记忆有关.
结论:
- 社区层面的因素,如处境不利,在认知衰老和种族差异中起着至关重要的作用.
- 针对性社区干预可能是减少认知不平等的关键.
- 需要进一步的研究,以充分理解和解决种族,社区和认知健康之间的复杂相互作用.
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