在日常精神卫生保健实践中使用例行收集的患者级数据预测症状的不改善:一种机器学习方法
Katinka Franken1, Peter Ten Klooster1, Ernst Bohlmeijer1
1Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.
Frontiers in psychiatry
|October 11, 2023
概括
预测焦虑和情绪障碍的治疗结果是困难的. 患者福祉和精神病理学的早期变化显著改善了对心理健康护理不响应的预测.
科学领域:
- 精神病学和心理健康 精神病学和心理健康
- 计算精神病学是一种计算精神病学.
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 焦虑和情绪障碍严重影响全球生活质量.
- 许多患者在标准的精神卫生保健治疗中没有取得足够的改善.
- 在现实环境中预测治疗反应仍然是一个挑战,因为疗效试验数据的概括性有限.
研究的目的:
- 评估各种机器学习 (ML) 模型在预测接受常规专业精神卫生保健的患者没有改善方面的表现.
- 在现实世界的临床样本中确定治疗不响应的关键预测因素.
主要方法:
- 一项纵向的探索性预测研究,涉及755名患有焦虑,抑郁,强迫症或创伤相关疾病的患者.
- 训练了机器学习算法,以预测6个月后症状困扰的非响应 (<0.5 SD改善).
- 模型与早期变化得分和没有早期变化得分以及经过修剪的预测器集进行了比较,这些预测器集在30%的保留样本上进行了评估.
主要成果:
- 没有早期变化得分的ML模型显示预测性能差 (AUC < 0.63).
- 包括早期变化得分在内,提高了性能 (AUC范围:0.68-0.73),计算密集型模型的性能不超过后勤回归.
- 减少预测模型的性能与完整模型相似,早期变化得分始终成为关键预测因素.
结论:
- 准确预测心理健康护理治疗结果仍然具有挑战性.
- 先进的ML算法在这个现实世界样本中提供了有限的附加值,而不是物流回归.
- 心理病理和福祉的早期变化对于预测长期治疗结果至关重要.
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