语言能力:不同年龄段儿童的性别差异
Irina E Rzhanova1, Olga S Alekseeva1, Anna Ya Boldyreva1
1Psychological Institute of Russian Academy of Education, Moscow, Russia.
Psychology in Russia : state of the art
|October 11, 2023
概括
儿童口语能力的性别差异随着年龄的增长而出现. 虽然年轻女孩的表现优于男孩的表现,但男孩在以后会显著地表现出语言上的进步,最终超越女孩,并表现出更强的语言-智力融合.
科学领域:
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 认知发展 认知发展
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 辩论的是语言能力的性别差异,结果因年龄,文化和特定技能而有所不同.
- 解释这些差异的理论包括社会决定因素和像荷尔蒙这样的生物因素.
研究的目的:
- 调查儿童语言能力中与年龄相关的性别差异.
- 探索语言技能如何与男孩和女孩的整体智力结构相结合.
主要方法:
- 使用了2.5-5岁的韦克斯勒学前初级智力尺度 (WPPSI-IV) 和6岁以上的儿童韦克斯勒智力尺度 (WISC-V).
- 评估了不同年龄组的313名儿童的总样本.
主要成果:
- 在口语理解量表现上观察到显著的性别差异.
- 2-4岁的女孩表现优于男孩;男孩在8-9岁时表现出明显的语言能力增加.
- 10-11岁的男孩超过了女孩,他们的口语和视觉空间分数在所有年龄段比女孩更强烈地相关.
结论:
- 语言能力的性别差异取决于年龄.
- 与女孩相比,男孩在口头能力和整体智力结构之间表现出更完整的关系.
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