疫苗有效性与疫苗安全之间的权衡:个人与政策决策之间的权衡
Semra Ozdemir1,2, Sean Ng3, Vinh Anh Huynh3
1Signature Programme in Health Services and System Research, Lien Centre for Palliative Care, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore. semra.ozdemir@duke.edu.
PharmacoEconomics - open
|October 11, 2023
概括
与个人选择相比,个人在为他人作为政策制定者做决定时,对疫苗安全问题更不愿意承担风险. 这突显了公共卫生政策风险感知中的关键差异.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 了解疫苗有效性和安全性之间的个人决策对公共卫生政策至关重要.
- 之前的研究还没有充分探讨视角 (政策制定者与个人) 如何影响这些权衡.
研究的目的:
- 调查个人在为他人做出决策时,疫苗的有效性和安全性之间的权衡是否不同,作为政策制定者与他们自己相比.
- 根据决策的角度分析疫苗相关死亡的风险厌恶如何变化.
主要方法:
- 在印度尼西亚和越南进行了一项基于网络的离散选择实验,共有1000名普通人口参与者.
- 参与者 (n=500个国家) 被随机分配,从政策制定者或个人角度做出COVID-19疫苗决定.
- 疫苗的评估是基于减少感染,减少住院和因不良事件死亡的风险;分析使用混合逻辑模型.
主要成果:
- 疫苗相关不良事件导致的死亡风险是最重要的属性,其次是减少感染和住院治疗的有效性.
- 与个人决策相比,在政策决策中选择疫苗的概率较低.
- 政策决策对不良事件导致死亡风险变化的敏感度更高 (p ≤0.01).
结论:
- 与个人健康决策相比,当个人担任他人决策者时,他们对与疫苗有关的死亡的风险厌恶度增加.
- 这些发现对在传染病爆发期间设计公共卫生沟通策略和疫苗政策具有重大意义.
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