之前的SARS-CoV-2感染增强了初始mRNA疫苗反应,对长期免疫的影响较小
Vanessa Silva-Moraes1,2, Aisha Souquette3, Giuseppe A Sautto1,2
1Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.
ImmunoHorizons
|October 11, 2023
概括
三剂mRNA COVID-19疫苗在天真和先前感染的个体中产生类似的免疫记忆. 重复暴露会增加抗体反应,而不是T细胞的寿命,从而影响长期免疫力.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- mRNA疫苗 (Pfizer BNT162b2) 降低了SARS-CoV-2的发病率/死亡率,因此需要因变种而进行增强剂.
- 不同的免疫记忆源于感染和接种疫苗,但对反复暴露于抗原的长期适应性反应尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 在三次mRNA疫苗剂量后检查自适应性免疫反应轨迹.
- 为了比较SARS-CoV-2-naive与免疫前个体的反应.
- 评估先前存在的免疫对疫苗诱导的长期记忆的影响.
主要方法:
- 在血液样本中评估IgG,B细胞和T细胞尖端特异反应.
- 在第三次免疫接种后6个月的6个时间点收集样本.
- 研究了接受了三个单价瑞BNT162b2剂量而没有突破性感染的个体.
主要成果:
- 重复的斯派克抗原暴露改善了IgG反应,而不是T细胞频率和寿命.
- 自然感染在初始疫苗接种后增强了中和抗体和CD4+T细胞子集,但长期效益有限.
- 三次剂量后,原始和免疫前组的免疫记忆质量和数量相似.
结论:
- mRNA疫苗诱导的免疫记忆是持久的.
- 免疫前期对三剂疗法后免疫记忆的质量和数量的影响有限.
- 了解这些反应对于长期的COVID-19保护策略至关重要.
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