机器学习应用和对移植与宿主疾病的挑战:一个范围审查
Ali Hassan Mushtaq1, Areez Shafqat2, Haneen T Salah3
1Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Current opinion in oncology
|October 11, 2023
概括
人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 在改善移植对宿主疾病 (GVHD) 管理方面表现有前途. 这些技术为GVHD提供先进的风险评估,诊断和个性化治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 移植与宿主疾病 (GVHD) 仍然是全源造血干细胞移植的一个重大挑战.
- 对于GVHD的传统风险评估和治疗策略有局限性.
研究的目的:
- 审查人工智能 (AI),特别是机器学习 (ML) 在提高GVHD风险评估,诊断和个性化治疗方面的潜力.
- 突出了GVHD管理的ML应用中的最新进展.
主要方法:
- 审查最近关于ML算法的研究,以选择所有基血型造血干细胞移植的捐赠者.
- 分析使用时间序列数据进行动态风险评估的ML.
- 深度学习用于慢性GVHD诊断的评估.
- 探索适应性治疗策略 (ATS) 的ML方法 (Q学习,深度强化学习).
主要成果:
- 机器学习算法在供体选择中表现优于传统模型.
- 机器学习使基于时间序列的动态风险评估成为可能,超越了静态模型.
- 深度学习模型在诊断慢性GVHD时表现出准确性.
- ML促进了针对急性和慢性GVHD预防和治疗的个性化ATS的开发.
结论:
- 大规模的多中心协作对于开发GVHD可通用的ML模型至关重要.
- 在将人工智能广泛应用于GVHD护理之前,必须制定道德准则.
- 人工智能和机器学习具有巨大的潜力,可以通过提高精度和个性化来彻底改变GVHD管理.
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