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巴西最大的大都市学校附近的食品环境:基于人口普查数据的分析和贡献
Maria Alvim Leite1,2, Mayra Figueiredo Barata1,2, Renata Bertazzi Levy1,2
1Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.
Cadernos de saude publica
|October 11, 2023
概括
圣保罗学校附近的食品商店因学校类型而异. 私立学校有更多的食物选择,可能会增加学生对不健康食品消费风险的暴露.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 学校周围的食物环境对学生的饮食习惯和健康结果产生重大影响.
- 了解教育机构附近的食品机构的空间分布对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
- 之前的研究表明,接近不健康食品店与学生中这种产品的消费增加之间存在关联.
研究的目的:
- 调查和比较巴西圣保罗市,州和私立学校附近的食品销售机构的分布.
- 分析不同类型的学校周围各种食品店类别的密度和分散模式.
- 确定与学校管理和所有权相关的食品环境的特征.
主要方法:
- 这是一项涉及圣保罗3,121所学校的横截面,探索性人口普查研究.
- 在学校周围应用循环缓冲器来分析食品店的度和密度.
- 计算p趋势以评估密度变化随着缓冲半径的增加.
- 分层回归模型用于检查食品环境特征.
主要成果:
- 零食店和街头小贩是学校附近最常见的食品机构.
- 集中模式有所不同:市立/私立学校附近的糖果店,市立学校附近的迷你市场,私立学校附近的小吃吧.
- 超级/超级市场和水果/蔬菜商店显示在公立学校周围分散的模式.
- 与市立和州立学校相比,私立学校的食品商店密度更高.
结论:
- 根据学校的行政类型,学校周围的食品环境存在显著差异.
- 某些食品商店 (如糖果店,零食店) 的普及程度集中在特定类型的学校附近.
- 在私立学校附近,食品商店的密度更高,特别是不健康的选择,可能会带来过度消费的更大风险.
- 调查结果强调需要有针对性的政策来改善学校的食品环境,并减轻相关的健康风险.
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