癌症免疫循环:表示,基因型和免疫型
Ira Mellman1, Daniel S Chen2, Thomas Powles3
1Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
Immunity
|October 11, 2023
概括
癌症免疫循环解释了T细胞如何杀死瘤细胞,启动免疫反应. 这个更新的框架包含了对瘤微环境和免疫型的新见解,以更好地治疗癌症.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
背景情况:
- 癌症免疫循环是理解抗癌免疫反应的关键框架.
- 这个循环涉及瘤细胞杀死,抗原呈现和T细胞刺激的代步骤.
- 任何阶段的功能障碍都会损害免疫系统控制瘤生长的能力.
研究的目的:
- 根据过去十年的科学进展,更新癌症免疫循环.
- 整合免疫检查点抑制和树突细胞功能的新理解.
- 纳入瘤微环境和瘤免疫型在抗癌免疫中的作用.
主要方法:
- 审查和综合癌症免疫学和免疫治疗的最新研究.
- 基于新兴证据的概念框架更新.
- 分析新发现对治疗策略的影响.
主要成果:
- 更新的周期反映了对免疫检查点抑制剂的进化理解.
- 树突细胞在维持抗瘤免疫力中的作用得到了更清晰的定义.
- 瘤微环境被认为有助于促进和抑制抗癌反应.
- 瘤免疫型的概念被引入为一个关键因素.
结论:
- 更新的癌症免疫循环提供了对抗癌症免疫反应的更全面的了解.
- 新的见解为癌症研究和治疗干预提供了新的目标.
- 了解瘤免疫型对于开发有效的癌症免疫疗法至关重要.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:33Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes
8.9K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
8.9K
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
539
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
539
01:05Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes
7.5K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
7.5K
01:25Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity
1.3K
Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...
1.3K
01:30Cancer Vaccines
384
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
384
02:21Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell
12.0K
Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
12.0K