香港作为一个单独的海关区:过去,现在和前景
Wangwang Xing1,2, Li Yao3
1Walther Schücking Institute for International Law, Kiel University, 24118, Kiel, Germany.
Heliyon
|October 12, 2023
概括
在香港,香港就是香港.
科学领域:
- 国际贸易法 国际贸易法
- 全球经济治理全球经济治理
背景情况:
- 香港在关税和贸易总协定 (GATT) 和世界贸易组织 (WTO) 作为一个单独的海关领土的历史成员.
- 不断变化的地缘政治格局及其对多边贸易协定的影响.
研究的目的:
- 审查香港在实现和维护其GATT/WTO单独海关区地位方面的历程.
- 审查香港特别行政区 (HKSAR) 面临的当前挑战,以保持其在全球贸易体系中的地位.
主要方法:
- 分析历史事实和相关的国际贸易法.
- 检查管理单独海关领土的法律框架.
- 评估争议解决机构上诉机构运作所产生的影响.
主要成果:
- 香港的单独海关区地位是由多边贸易规则确立的,不受其他国家单方面撤销的约束.
- 香港特区在外部商业关系中拥有完全自治的法律地位.
- 由于WTO上诉机构的潜在问题,保护香港特区的利益存在挑战.
结论:
- 根据GATT/WTO规则,香港的单独海关区地位在法律上是合理的.
- 香港特区在贸易上的自治得到了肯定,但其保护依赖于一个功能性的争端解决系统.
- 未来的贸易关系可能会受到WTO争端解决机制有效性的影响.
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