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怀孕改变了年龄和配偶年龄差异与夫妇生育能力的关联:来自中国的一项大型队列研究
Yue Zhang1,2, Hongguang Zhang1,2, Jun Zhao1,2
1National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China.
Human reproduction (Oxford, England)
|October 12, 2023
概括
怀孕影响最佳的夫妇生育能力年龄和与年龄相关的生育能力下降. 女性年龄显著影响生育能力,特别是35岁以后,无论怀孕情况如何.
科学领域:
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
- 人类生育能力的人类生育能力
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
背景情况:
- 年龄是影响生育能力的主要因素,但先前的研究对不同的夫妇年龄组合和怀孕的影响有局限性.
- 现有的研究还没有充分探讨怀孕如何改变夫妇年龄,年龄差异和生育能力之间的关系.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查夫妇的最佳生育能力的年龄范围如何根据怀孕而不同.
- 检查夫妇的年龄组合和年龄差异与生育能力的关联,以及这些关联如何随着怀孕而变化.
主要方法:
- 这是一项回顾性队列研究,涉及超过540万名生育年龄的夫妇.
- 使用电话采访对1年内怀孕结果的随访.
- 使用考克斯模型估计的生育率比率,并通过年龄和配偶年龄差异的限制立方线来评估.
主要成果:
- 最佳生育年龄和组合因妊娠而异;多重妊娠的夫妇在年龄较大时达到最佳生育能力,但经历更剧烈的下降.
- 女人的年龄是一个主要因素,在35岁以上的无孕和多孕妇女中,生育能力下降了30%左右.
- 在无孕夫妇中,最高的生育能力在年龄相似的≤24岁夫妇中被观察到. 在多重怀孕的夫妇中,在25-34岁的女性中观察到最佳生育率,年龄差异很小 (-5至5年).
结论:
- 怀孕显著改变了最佳生育能力的年龄范围,年龄组合,以及配偶年龄差异的影响.
- 女性年龄对夫妇的生育能力的影响比男性年龄更为明显,特别是在40岁以后.
- 建议对夫妇根据他们的年龄,年龄组合和怀孕状态进行个性化生育指导.
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