在过去的20年里,意大利的就业不稳定和分娩
Stefani Scherer1, Elisa Brini2
1University of Trento, Trento, Italy. stefani.scherer@unitn.it.
European journal of population = Revue europeenne de demographie
|October 12, 2023
概括
就业不稳定,如临时工作或失业,大大降低了在意大利生第一个或第二个孩子的机会. 这种对生育能力的负面影响在过去二十年中越来越大,特别是对女性来说.
科学领域:
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
背景情况:
- 家庭形成与经济和社会稳定息息相关.
- 众所周知,就业不稳定会对生育决定产生负面影响.
- 意大利在2000年至2020年间经历了劳动力市场放松监管的日益增加.
研究的目的:
- 检查就业不稳定与在意大利生第一个或其他孩子的可能性之间的关联.
- 分析20多年来生育率和就业不稳定的趋势.
- 调查基于教育和合作伙伴的就业情况的差异.
主要方法:
- 利用意大利劳动力调查 (2000-2020) 的数据.
- 使用统计分析来评估就业不稳定和生育率之间的关系.
- 根据教育程度和伴侣的就业状况,研究了子组差异.
主要成果:
- 个人的就业不稳定 (临时工作,失业) 会对生第一个和第二个孩子的可能性产生负面影响.
- 生育率与就业不稳定之间的负面关联在近几十年来加剧了,特别是对女性来说.
- 与男性相比,伴侣的就业状况对女性生育决策的影响较小.
结论:
- 在意大利,就业不稳定是建立家庭的重要障碍,尤其是在低阶层出生时.
- 劳动力市场日益不稳定的状况不成比例地影响了女性的生育选择.
- 针对就业安全的政策干预可能对支持生育趋势至关重要.
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