肠关联淋巴组织中的B细胞多样化:从鸟类到人类
Jean-Claude Weill1, Sandra Weller1, Claude-Agnès Reynaud1
1Université Paris Cité, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1151, Centre national de la recherche scientifique UMR-8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades , Paris, France.
The Journal of experimental medicine
|October 12, 2023
概括
肠关联淋巴组织 (GALT) 在几种物种中产生了免疫前抗体库. 在GALT中,这种多样化的B细胞区被动员用于全身免疫反应,即使在人类中也是如此.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 比較免疫學 比較免疫學
- B细胞生物学B细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 肠关联淋巴组织 (GALT) 对于各种物种的免疫谱的发展至关重要.
- 一些物种通过在GALT中重新排列后的多样化来弥补有限的生殖线V基因库.
- GALT作为主要的淋巴细胞器官起作用,塑造免疫反应.
研究的目的:
- 总结在,绵羊和子的GALT中B细胞谱的多样化机制.
- 讨论GALT驱动的谱系形成与人类T独立B细胞反应之间的类比.
- 要突出从GALT中调动预多样化的B细胞以获得系统免疫力.
主要方法:
- 在GALT中对免疫谱系生成的比较审查.
- 对鸟类和哺乳动物物种的基因转换和体质突变的分析.
- 检查人类边缘区域B细胞对细菌多糖的反应.
主要成果:
- ,绵羊和子利用GALT通过基因转换和/或体质突变来产生免疫前谱.
- 人类T独立B细胞的反应,特别是对细菌多糖的反应,涉及边缘区域B细胞,这些B细胞先前暴露在肠道抗原中.
- 一个共同的特征是招募 GALT 前多样化的 B 细胞对不同抗原的反应.
结论:
- 在免疫细胞多样化和为跨物种的系统性挑战做准备方面,GALT起着保留的作用.
- 在GALT中预多样化提供了一个B细胞池,可以对局部和全身抗原做出反应.
- 动员 GALT 培养的 B 细胞是增加免疫反应的有效策略,特别是在 T 独立的情景中.
相关概念视频
01:24B Cell Activation and Differentiation
1.8K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
1.8K
01:23Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response
1.0K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
1.0K
01:18Lymphoid Cells and Tissues
1.2K
Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...
1.2K
01:28Diversity of Antigen Receptors
605
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
605
01:20Special Features of Adaptive Immunity
841
The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
841
01:16Primary Lymphoid Organs
1.6K
Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
1.6K