生物学如何在特定背景下塑造害羞的发展:一个纵向,交叉滞后的调查
Raha Hassan1, Louis A Schmidt2
1Department of Psychology, Western University.
Developmental psychology
|October 12, 2023
概括
3岁时对社会压力的生理反应,特别是心动管退缩,预测了以后的害羞. 幼儿时代的害羞并不能预测生理变化,强调了背景.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 孩子的气质 孩子的气质
- 心理生理学 心理生理学
背景情况:
- 害羞,一种与社会新奇事物恐惧相关的气质特征,有被提出的生物学基础.
- 在压力期间呼吸道鼻节律失常 (RSA) 变化是害羞的潜在生理相关.
- 以前关于害羞和RSA变化的研究是不一致的,可能是由于上下文和方向因素.
研究的目的:
- 调查幼儿害羞与RSA变化之间的纵向关系.
- 为了检查在社会和非社会压力因素期间RSA如何变化,预测害羞.
- 探索害羞与生理反应之间的联系的方向性.
主要方法:
- 在103名3岁和4岁的儿童 (52名女孩) 中进行了长度研究,并进行了交叉滞后分析.
- 父母报告的害羞和RSA变化在陌生人接近 (社会) 和锁定盒子 (非社会) 任务中测量.
- 评估作为RSA变化的衡量标准的心动静脉抽缩 (CVW).
主要成果:
- 在3岁的社会压力因素 (陌生人方法) 中,CVW积极预测了4岁的害羞.
- 在压力背景下,3岁时的害羞没有预测4岁时的CVW.
- 在非社会压力因素期间的RSA变化是跨时间稳定的,而在社会压力因素期间的变化则不是.
结论:
- 对社会威胁的早期生理反应,而不是害羞本身,可以预测以后的气质特征.
- 生物学与行为之间的关系取决于背景,受到环境因素的影响.
- 对社会威胁的生理调节的发育变化在幼儿时期显而易见.
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