单个皮层神经元的全人类大脑映射,以分析形态多样性和刻板印象
Xiaofeng Han1, Shuxia Guo1, Nan Ji2,3,4
1Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Science advances
|October 12, 2023
概括
适应细胞断层扫描 (ACTomography) 能够进行全脑神经元分析. 人类神经元在大脑区域的多样性比按年龄或性别更大,揭示了解剖学模块化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 脑部成像 脑部成像
背景情况:
- 了解全脑神经元形态和分布对于破译大脑结构和细胞类型多样性至关重要.
- 现有的单细胞标签和全脑成像技术在应用于人类大脑时面临重大挑战.
研究的目的:
- 引入适应性细胞断层扫描 (ACTomography),一种新的,具有成本效益的,高吞吐量的方法来分析神经元形态.
- 重建和量化人类皮层神经元的局部树突形态,并将它们映射到标准的大脑图谱中.
主要方法:
- 从手术组织 (18名患者) 和捐赠的大脑中注射染料到皮层神经元的平台.
- 获得了1746个皮层神经元的3D图像,其中852个成功重建了详细的形态分析.
- 利用单个细胞的自适应向进行高效率的断层扫描.
主要成果:
- 人类神经元形态在不同大脑区域表现出更大的多样性,而不是基于受试者的年龄或性别的变化.
- 在特定的大脑区域队列中确定了神经元形态的强烈刻板印象.
- 产生了神经元形态学的统计张量场,描述了人类大脑的解剖模块化.
结论:
- ACTomography提供了一种可扩展和高效的方法,用于在整个大脑水平上研究人类神经元形态.
- 神经元形态是人类大脑解剖模块化的关键指标,区域特异性是主导因素.
- 这些发现为人类大脑的结构组织和多样性提供了新的见解.
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