在接受机械通风的患者中Acinetobacter baumannii和Candida auris的流行
Anthony D Harris1, Lisa Pineles1, J Kristie Johnson1
1University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.
JAMA
|October 12, 2023
概括
在马里兰州的机械通风患者中,Acinetobacter baumannii和Candida auris是常见的,特别是在长期护理设施中. 这些发现强调了对高风险人群进行有针对性的监测和预防工作的必要性.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生监测
- 抗菌药物耐药性
背景情况:
- 在美国,关于Acinetobacter baumannii和Candida auris的流行情况的全州数据有限.
- 这些新兴病原体在脆弱患者群体中的当前负担在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 确定在马里兰州需要机械通风的患者中Acinetobacter baumannii和Candida auris的流行情况.
- 将急症医院和长期护理机构之间的病原体患病率进行比较.
主要方法:
- 在马里兰州的51个医疗机构进行了全州横断点流行调查.
- 从482名接受机械呼吸的患者中采集了Acinetobacter baumannii和470名Candida auris的监测培养物.
- 针对Acinetobacter baumannii进行了抗生素敏感性测试,用于检测Candida auris的聚合酶链反应.
主要成果:
- Acinetobacter baumannii的流行率为30. 7%,其中59. 5%的分离物是耐卡巴的 (CRAB).
- 冠状病毒感染率为6. 6%,其中29%是新报告的阳性病例.
- 与急症医院患者相比,长期护理机构的患者的A. baumannii,CRAB和C. auris殖民率显著更高.
结论:
- 马里兰州的机械呼吸患者中Acinetobacter baumannii和Candida auris的流行率较高,而长期护理机构的患病率更高.
- 长期护理设施是新出现的病原体的高风险环境.
- 针对性监测和预防策略对于这些设施来说至关重要,以减轻耐药生物的传播.
更多相关视频
06:43Studying Microbial Communities In Vivo: A Model of Host-mediated Interaction Between Candida Albicans and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in the Airways
Published on: January 13, 2016
8.9K
03:24Author Spotlight: Enhancing Candida albicans Detection in Catheter Infections Using Fluorescent Protein Tagging
Published on: March 22, 2024
1.5K
相关概念视频
01:23Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation
173
Ventilators are essential medical equipment used to aid patients with respiratory difficulties. Their primary function is to assist or replace spontaneous breathing by providing mechanical ventilation. There are two general classes of mechanical ventilators: negative-pressure and positive-pressure ventilators.
Negative-Pressure Ventilators
Negative-pressure ventilators create a vacuum around the chest or body to draw air into the lungs, simulating breathing. This method does not require an...
Negative-Pressure Ventilators
Negative-pressure ventilators create a vacuum around the chest or body to draw air into the lungs, simulating breathing. This method does not require an...
173
01:25Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment
1.3K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
1.3K
01:30Pneumonia I: Introduction
250
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
250
01:22Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
2.7K
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
2.7K
01:29Acute Respiratory Failure-V
144
The treatment for acute respiratory failure varies based on factors like the underlying cause, overall health, and severity. A collaborative healthcare team is essential for early detection, often through arterial blood gas analysis. Identifying the cause is the primary goal, with treatment strategies adjusted for ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, shunting, or diffusion impairment.
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
144
01:21Acute Respiratory Failure-II
250
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
250