开发营养吸收:诱导寄生植物的有机发生和根结节共生
Songkui Cui1, Shoko Inaba2, Takuya Suzaki3
1Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
Current opinion in plant biology
|October 12, 2023
概括
寄生植物和豆类形成专门的器官,分别是haustoria和结节. 它们的发育是由植物激素和营养物质的可用性控制的,展示了植物器官生成的可塑性.
科学领域:
- 植物生物学 植物生物学
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 植物已经发展出专门的结构来获取营养.
- 寄生植物使用haustoria来入侵宿主,而豆类则形成结以固定.
- 这两种过程都是由生物间信号触发的.
研究的目的:
- 审查了解haustoria和结节发育的最新进展.
- 为了比较这两种器官生成类型的荷尔蒙和环境控制机制.
- 为了突出植物器官生成的可塑性.
主要方法:
- 关于植物器官发生的最新研究的文献综述.
- 对荷尔蒙信号通路 (auxin,细胞因子,乙烯) 的比较分析.
- 在器官发育中整合营养的可用性,特别是.
主要成果:
- 豪斯托里亚和结节的形成是由宿主植物或根茎菌的特定信号引起的.
- 植物激素如辅酶,细胞因子和乙烯在两种器官发育中都起着至关重要的作用.
- 营养素的可用性,特别是,是整合到发育途径.
结论:
- 植物有机发生,以haustoria和结节为例,表现出了显著的可塑性.
- 荷尔蒙和环境因素相互作用,控制这些特殊植物结构的发展.
- 了解这些机制为植物适应和营养战略提供了洞察力.
相关概念视频
02:40Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores
13.0K
Plants often form mutualistic relationships with soil-dwelling fungi or bacteria to enhance their roots’ nutrient uptake ability. Root-colonizing fungi (e.g., mycorrhizae) increase a plant’s root surface area, which promotes nutrient absorption. While root-colonizing, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., rhizobia) convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), making nitrogen available to plants for various biological functions. For example, nitrogen is essential for the...
13.0K
02:11The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition
35.8K
Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.
35.8K
02:34Water and Mineral Acquisition
33.1K
Specialized tissues in plant roots have evolved to capture water, minerals, and some ions from the soil. Roots exhibit a variety of branching patterns that facilitate this process. The outermost root cells have specialized structures called root hairs that increase the root surface, thus increasing soil contact. Water can passively cross into roots, as the concentration of water in the soil is higher than that of the root tissue. Minerals, in contrast, are actively transported into root cells.
33.1K
02:12Short-distance Transport of Resources
16.1K
Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.
16.1K
01:22Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation
22
Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme...
22
02:35Key Elements for Plant Nutrition
18.8K
Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the...
18.8K