国家扩大补充营养援助计划的资格和人际暴力率
Anna E Austin1, Meghan Shanahan2, Madeline Frank3
1Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA; Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
Preventive medicine
|October 12, 2023
概括
通过取消资产测试和增加收入限制,扩大粮食援助 (SNAP) 资格与减少亲密伴侣暴力和关系暴力有关. 这些政策变化可能有助于预防人口层面的暴力.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
背景情况:
- 粮食不安全是增加人际暴力的已知危险因素.
- 补充营养援助计划 (SNAP) 是美国解决粮食不安全问题的关键计划.
- 国家层面的政策变化,包括取消资产测试和增加收入限制,可以扩大SNAP资格.
研究的目的:
- 检查国家级SNAP资格扩大与人际暴力率之间的关联.
- 调查消除资产测试和增加收入限制对亲密伴侣暴力 (IPV),其他关系暴力和陌生人暴力的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用了来自SNAP政策数据库的数据.
- 从事国家一级估计的人际暴力率每1000人 (年龄≥12) 从国家犯罪受害率调查 (20122018).
主要成果:
- 与没有这两项政策的国家相比,采用SNAP资格政策 (消除资产测试,增加收入限制) 的州显示IPV和其他关系暴力的比例较低.
- 在采用这两种政策的州中,没有观察到陌生人暴力率的显著差异.
- 仅取消资产测试的州在IPV,其他关系暴力或陌生人暴力率方面没有显著差异.
结论:
- 通过政策变化扩大SNAP资格可能成为预防暴力的人口层面战略.
- 在社会安全网计划中的有针对性的政策干预可以对公共卫生结果产生影响.
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