概括
高度抑制性抗逆转录病毒疗法可以控制人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染,但残留的病毒活性会导致持续的炎症. 这种慢性炎症导致非艾滋病疾病,尽管在艾滋病治疗和移植方面取得了进展.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 移植医学 移植医学
背景情况:
- 人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染曾经是致命的,现在是一种慢性疾病,可以通过终身抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 治疗.
- 尽管ART有效,但接受治疗的患者经常表现出持续的免疫激活,炎症和前血栓状况.
- 这种慢性炎症主要归因于细胞储存中的残留HIV-1RNA和蛋白质生产.
研究的目的:
- 提供与当前高度抑制性艾滋病毒治疗相关的挑战和成功的概述.
- 讨论持久性炎症的含义和治疗艾滋病毒患者的非艾滋病并发症的出现.
- 突出艾滋病毒管理方面的进展,包括为艾滋病毒感染者提供固体器官移植.
主要方法:
- 关于艾滋病毒感染高度抑制性抗逆转录病毒治疗的当前文献的综述.
- 在接受治疗的HIV患者中分析慢性免疫激活和炎症的病理生理学.
- 检查细胞储库在持续病毒活动和相关非艾滋病疾病中的作用.
主要成果:
- 高度抑制性ART已经将艾滋病毒从致命疾病转变为可管理的慢性疾病.
- 剩余的HIV复制有助于持续的免疫激活,炎症和增加非艾滋病疾病的风险.
- 固体器官移植是艾滋病毒阳性个体的可行选择,即使来自艾滋病毒感染的捐赠者,由于有效的病毒抑制.
结论:
- 目前的艾滋病毒治疗策略虽然在病毒抑制方面非常有效,但不能完全使免疫状态正常化.
- 持续性炎症和相关的非艾滋病并发症仍然是长期艾滋病毒管理的重大挑战.
- 艾滋病毒治疗的进步使得移植等创新治疗方法成为可能,改善了艾滋病毒感染者的生活质量.
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