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季节性四价值mRNA疫苗可以预防和减轻流感感染

Christina M Kackos^1,2, Jennifer DeBeauchamp¹, Christopher J H Davitt^3,4

¹Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.

|October 12, 2023

概括

这项研究表明,一种新的四价传递 RNA (mRNA) 疫苗有效地保护小鼠免受季节性流感. 该mRNA疫苗表现出强大的免疫性和显著的保护,为目前的流感疫苗提供了一个有希望的替代方案.

科学领域:

疫苗学疫苗学疫苗学
病毒学病毒学
免疫学免疫学免疫学
分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

每年季节性流感会导致数百万人的感染和数十万人的死亡.
目前的流感疫苗依赖于血凝素 (HA),由于抗原漂移和基于蛋的制造限制,它们面临着有效性变化的挑战.
使者RNA (mRNA) 疫苗代表了一个有前途的替代平台,因为它在体外快速生产,并证明了对SARS-CoV-2的成功.

研究的目的:

评价四价mRNA疫苗的免疫性和保护效果,该疫苗编码来自四种季节性流感菌株的HA.
评估疫苗作为预防和减轻流感的改进策略的潜力.

主要方法:

从A/California/07/2009 (H1N1),A/Hong Kong/4801/2014 (H3N2),B/Brisbane/60/2008 (B-Victoria) 和B/Phuket/3073/2013 (B-Yamagata) 来编码HA的四价值mRNA疫苗的开发. 这种疫苗可以使用在其他疫苗中.
通过在接种疫苗后测量小鼠抗体标位来评估免疫性.
通过对流感病毒进行挑战性研究 (A/California/04/2009) 和监测发病率,死亡率和体重减轻来评估保护功效.

主要成果:

120微克的四价mRNA疫苗在小鼠中诱导了针对所有四种流感亚型的强大的抗体标位.
接种mRNA疫苗的小鼠在A/California/04/2009的挑战后,即使在低抗原剂量 (1μg) 中,也完全免受发病和死亡的影响.
一次10μg四价mRNA疫苗剂量足以防止A/California/04/2009挑战的小鼠减肥.

结论:

这种四价mRNA疫苗具有免疫性,在小鼠模型中为流感提供了显著的保护.
这些发现支持mRNA技术开发下一代流感疫苗的潜力,以提高有效性.
该研究强调mRNA疫苗是解决当前流感疫苗接种策略局限性的有希望的平台.

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