健康生活方式咨询,以及波兰的全科医生所感知的障碍
Małgorzata Znyk1, Dorota Kaleta1
1Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Frontiers in public health
|October 13, 2023
概括
练习体育活动并测量患者的BMI的全科医生更有可能就健康的生活方式提供建议. 然而,缺乏时间和感知的无效性是GP咨询的主要障碍.
科学领域:
- 一般的做法一般的做法
- 预防医学 预防医学
- 健康 行为 健康行为
背景情况:
- 一般医生 (GPs) 在促进健康的生活方式方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 了解影响GP咨询体重管理和健康生活的因素对于公共健康至关重要.
- 医生的个人因素,包括体重指数 (BMI),可能会影响他们对患者咨询的方法.
研究的目的:
- 调查一般医生个人因素 (如BMI) 对他们的咨询实践的影响.
- 识别全科医生在提供体重管理和健康生活方式建议方面感知到的障碍.
- 确定全科医生的个人特征与他们的咨询行为之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 在洛兹的161名全科医生中进行了横截面研究.
- 数据是在2020年1月至2021年12月期间收集的.
- 统计分析包括后勤回归,以根据GP特征和患者状况评估咨询的几率.
主要成果:
- 只有3.7%的全科医生始终建议患者饮食和体力活动,54%的医生偶尔提供建议.
- 实践体育活动 (OR=2.64) 和测量患者的BMI (OR=4.86) 的全科医生更有可能进行咨询.
- 超过40%的全科医生在咨询中感到无效,由于工作量很大而缺乏时间 (73.3%) 是主要的障碍.
结论:
- 一般医生的个人参与健康行为和系统的患者评估 (例如,BMI测量) 与咨询频率有积极的相关性.
- 解决被认为无效和时间限制等障碍对于改善生活方式咨询至关重要.
- 建议包括加强全科医生培训,组织调整以减少患者负担,以及为咨询提供财政激励.
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