饮食消费模式与埃塞俄比亚东部青少年过度营养的发展之间的关联:新的视角
Fikerte Gedamu1, Imam Dagne1, Abdu Oumer1
1Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
Frontiers in nutrition
|October 13, 2023
概括
过度营养影响了29%的埃塞俄比亚青少年,与特定的饮食模式和生活方式因素有关. 针对饮食和体育活动的干预措施对公共健康至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 青少年过度营养是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题,具有显著的不良健康后果.
- 了解饮食模式与过度营养风险之间的联系对于有效的干预至关重要.
- 这项研究调查了埃塞俄比亚青少年的饮食消费模式和过度营养风险.
研究的目的:
- 评估饮食消费模式与埃塞俄比亚青少年过度营养风险之间的关联.
- 确定导致过度营养的特定饮食模式.
- 为青少年健康提供有针对性的饮食建议.
主要方法:
- 一项针对510名青少年的社区调查,采用分层随机抽样.
- 通过80项食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入量;人体质量指数对年龄Z-score (BAZ) 的人类测量.
- 饮食模式的探索性因子分析;二元物流回归以确定与过度营养相关的因素 (BAZ > +1).
主要成果:
- 确定了四种饮食模式:"谷物,能量和任意卡路里"",脂肪,油和牛奶群"",蛋白质和蔬菜"和"水果".
- 整体营养过度的患病率为29.0% (22.5%超重,6.5%肥胖).
- 与过度营养显著相关的因素包括身体不活动,母亲的素养,零食,跳过饭,以及特定的饮食模式 (谷物/自由选择,蛋白质/蔬菜).
结论:
- 过度营养在青少年中普遍存在,并与饮食模式,饮食行为和生活方式因素密切相关.
- 关注不健康饮食和久坐不动的生活方式的公共卫生倡议对于减轻青少年过度营养至关重要.
- 在打击营养过剩方面,解决诸如母亲素养等社会经济因素也很重要.
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