基于机器学习的源追踪揭示了对家庭饮用水中抗生素耐药性基因污染的人类贡献
Chen Wang1, Huiying Yang1, Huafeng Liu1
1School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
Water research
|October 13, 2023
概括
人类活动显著增加了饮用水中的抗生素耐药性基因 (ARG),主要来自废水. 三种特定的ARG构成最高的公共卫生风险,需要更好的控制策略.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 饮用水中的抗生素耐药性基因 (ARG) 构成了人类健康的威胁.
- 人们对饮用水中ARG的来源和污染水平知之甚少.
研究的目的:
- 在全球范围内调查家用饮用水中的ARG污染源.
- 确定关键的ARG及其人为贡献.
- 评估与饮用水中的ARGs相关的公共卫生风险.
主要方法:
- 从8个国家/地区的47个城市的95个家庭收集了家庭饮用水样本.
- 进行了广谱ARG分析.
- 利用基于机器学习的来源分类 (SourceTracker) 来识别污染源.
主要成果:
- 在19种ARG类型中检测到451种ARG亚型,其丰度差异很大.
- 人为来源,主要是废水处理厂,对ARG有很大的贡献 (37.1%).
- 使用回收水的地区的废水ARG贡献率最高 (约84.3%).
- 硫胺,利法胺和四环素耐药性基因主要是人为的.
- 移动ARG显示出更高的人为贡献,并由潜在的病原体携带.
- 根据流行,来源和流动性确定了三个高风险的ARG (sul1, sul2, aadA).
结论:
- 人类活动加剧了ARG在饮用水中的输入和传播.
- 有效的ARG控制策略至关重要,特别是在使用回收水的地区.
- 已识别的高风险ARG (sul1, sul2, aadA) 需要有针对性的监测和控制,以保护公众健康.
相关概念视频
Antibiotic Selection
54.5K
Overview
54.5K
Development of Antibiotic Resistance
19
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
19
Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing
23
Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
23
Modern Molecular Taxonomy
26
Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
26
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes
8.0K
While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
8.0K


