制定健康税:从低收入和中等收入国家学习
Kaung Suu Lwin1, Adam D Koon2, Kumanan Rasanathan1
1Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, Geneva, Switzerland.
BMJ global health
|October 13, 2023
概括
卫生税有效地改善了公共卫生和收入,但面临着行业的反对. 了解各种框架策略对于政策制定者来说是推动这些关键公共卫生政策的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 政治科学 政治科学是指政治学.
背景情况:
- 卫生税被认为是改善人口健康,产生政府收入和提高公平性的有效工具.
- 卫生税的实施往往与商业利益产生冲突,导致倡导者和反对者的战略框架.
- 关于不同框架在不同环境中的有效性及其对健康税收政策推进或限制的影响的理解有限.
研究的目的:
- 研究低收入和中等收入国家卫生税的政治经济学.
- 分析各种参与者在健康税收政策话语中使用的各种框架.
- 确定框架如何影响健康税收政策的推进或限制.
主要方法:
- 在2022年在八个低收入和中等收入国家进行的定性研究.
- 利用焦点小组讨论,深入访谈,文档审查和媒体分析.
- 检查了多个参与者构建的特定背景框架,考虑经济,健康和行政因素.
主要成果:
- 多个参与者构建了健康税收政策的特定背景框架,受更广泛考虑的影响.
- 没有单一的主导框架出现;多重框架塑造话语和决策.
- 在健康和经济框架之间没有明显的权衡,并且准担忧缺乏直接的解决方案.
结论:
- 了解政治经济学和卫生税的框架对于有效的政策制定至关重要.
- 政策制定者可以利用有说服力的框架,并建立更广泛的联盟来推进健康税.
- 鉴于政治经济因素和限制企业影响,最终可以改善人口健康状况.
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