微生物社区对各种类型的外部有机物质的反应,应用于土壤
Sylwia Siebielec1, Anna Marzec-Grządziel1, Grzegorz Siebielec2
1Department of Microbiology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.
International journal of molecular sciences
|October 14, 2023
概括
将肥料和污泥等有机物应用到土壤中可以促进微生物活动和植物生长. 不同的有机物质对土壤健康有独特的影响,但通常不会对微生物造成伤害.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 土壤微生物学 土壤微生物学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 合成肥料对农业产生影响,但有机物质回收利用提供了可持续的替代品.
- 之前对外源有机物 (EOM) 的研究集中在营养和产量上,忽视了土壤微生物.
- 现代分子方法对于了解EOM对土壤微生物过程的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估各种肥料,污水污泥和底层沉积物对土壤生化活动和生物多样性的影响.
- 为了评估这些外源有机物质对植物产量的影响,在一个受控的盆栽实验中.
- 研究微生物和植物对各种类型和EOM的应用率的反应.
主要方法:
- 用6种类型的肥料,两种底层沉积物和两种市政污水污泥处理的土壤进行实验,占地20公-1.1公.
- 测量土壤酶活性,包括脱酶和性酸酶.
- 分析土壤微生物社区结构,细菌类分布,并使用分子方法引入属.
- 植物生长的评估和与酸盐释放率的相关性.
主要成果:
- 所有测试的外源有机材料 (EOMs) 在20t ha-1.1时刺激了脱酶活性.
- 禽类便和一种污泥类型显著增强了性酸酶活性.
- 较高的EOM应用率 (40 t ha-1) 并没有进一步加速土壤酶活性.
- 牛和山羊便最有效地增加了土壤微生物群的功能多样性.
- EOMs改变了细菌类分布,并引入了新的细菌属,家禽和马引入了最成功的殖民者.
- 植物生长在EOM处理中有所不同,并且与酸盐释放率相关.
- 对于任何类型的肥料或污泥,无论PAH和农药含量如何,都没有观察到对微生物参数的不良影响.
结论:
- 回收固体生物废物和便有效地增强了土壤的生物化学活性和微生物多样性.
- 外源有机物的影响是EOM特有的,影响土壤微生物组合和植物生长.
- 无论采用何种类型的肥料和污泥,它们一般不会对土壤微生物健康造成危害.
- 进一步的研究可以探索优化用于可持续农业和土壤健康管理的EOM应用.
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