轻度认知障碍到痴呆症的中性细胞介导的进展
1Department of Life Science, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea.
International journal of molecular sciences
|October 14, 2023
概括
中性粒细胞是先天免疫的关键参与者,越来越多地与认知障碍和阿尔茨海默病的进展有关. 了解它们的作用可能会揭示神经退行性疾病的新治疗点.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 认知障碍,以失忆症为特征,并进展到严重的功能障碍,影响着老年人口和神经退行性疾病,如阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD).
- 现有治疗认知功能障碍的临床有效性有限,需要对潜在机制和新的治疗策略进行研究.
- 新兴证据将认知衰退与炎症和先天性免疫系统失调联系在一起,特别是在阿尔茨海默病和轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 中.
研究的目的:
- 在各种退行性疾病的认知障碍的背景下,审查和总结中性粒细胞功能的调节机制.
- 阐明中性粒细胞导致认知障碍的细胞机制.
- 探索活性中性粒细胞对认知衰退的影响及其在从MCI向痴呆症进展中的潜在作用.
主要方法:
- 综合性文献综述,重点研究在认知障碍中调查中性粒细胞功能的研究.
- 对将外围中性粒细胞标记物和促炎性白内素与MCI和AD认知衰退联系起来的研究分析.
- 检查中性粒细胞的细胞活动,包括细胞分裂,炎症因子分泌和病原体杀死,与认知健康相关.
主要成果:
- 外围中性粒细胞标记可以预测轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 患者的执行功能下降.
- 在MCI中观察到促炎性白内素的水平发生变化,这表明外周免疫系统在疾病进展中发挥了作用.
- 中性粒细胞作为天生的免疫反应者,表现出可以影响认知过程的功能,包括细胞残渣的清除和炎症反应的调节.
结论:
- 中性粒细胞的功能和激活在与神经退行性疾病相关的认知障碍的发病过程中具有重要意义.
- 对中性粒细胞介导机制的进一步研究对于理解认知衰退和开发有效干预措施至关重要.
- 向中性粒细胞活动为缓解认知功能障碍和延迟神经退行性疾病进展提供了潜在的治疗途径.
相关概念视频
01:26Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
503
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
503
01:30Dementia
121
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
121
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
126
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
126
01:22Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment
211
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
211
01:30Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
132
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
132