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错误地判断自己的表现? 探索注意力缺陷 (多动性) 障碍 (ADHD) 和复杂音乐和外语感知个体差异

Christine Groß¹, Valdis Bernhofs¹, Eva Möhler²

¹Jazeps Vitols Latvian Academy of Music, K. Barona Street 1, LV-1050 Riga, Latvia.

International journal of environmental research and public health

|October 14, 2023

概括

患有注意力缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 的人在处理复杂的音乐和语音刺激方面表现出缺陷. 此外,ADHD还涉及高估表现,这表明需要在感知技能发展的同时进行元认知培训.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
听觉感知是一种听觉感知.
认知心理学认知心理学

背景情况:

之前的研究表明,ADHD儿童和青少年的听觉处理和音乐表现存在缺陷.
这项研究调查了与对照人群相比,ADHD的成年人对外语的听觉处理.

研究的目的:

为了检查ADHD成年人是否表现出外国语感知方面的缺陷,类似于音乐感知方面的发现.
评估短期记忆 (STM) 能力和在音乐和语言任务中的自我感知表现.
为了比较ADHD个体,音乐上天真和音乐受过教育的群体之间的感知能力和自我评估.

主要方法:

招募了三个组:音乐上天真 (n=25),音乐教育 (n=25) 和ADHD成年人 (n=25).
评估短期记忆 (STM) 容量.
评价辨别复杂音乐和外来语音刺激的能力.
关于音乐和语言表演能力的自我评级的集合.

主要成果:

患有ADHD的年轻人表现出在感知复杂音乐和具有挑战性的外国语音刺激方面存在显著的缺陷.
在ADHD组中,短期记忆 (STM) 能力没有受到损害,可能不会持续到年轻成人.
与对照组相比,ADHD组明显高估了他们在音乐和语言方面的表现能力.

结论:

患有ADHD的个体表现出对音乐和语音的听觉感知受损,以及自我评估中的元认知缺陷.
研究结果表明,需要针对ADHD进行专门的培训计划,以提高感知能力并培养现实的自我意识.
干预措施应整合元认知培训,以提高ADHD患者的自我评价能力.

关键词:

更多关于 ADHD ADHD 的文章处理复杂的刺激,处理复杂的刺激.外国语言的感知.音乐性音乐性音乐性进行自我评估.自我评价自我评价短期记忆短期记忆语音感知缺陷语言感知缺陷

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