墓地的污水可能是墓地的污水吗? 来自巴西立法的一幅全景
Ana Paula Chein Bueno de Azevedo1, Telma Abdalla de Oliveira Cardoso1, Simone Cynamon Cohen2
1National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil.
International journal of environmental research and public health
|October 14, 2023
概括
巴西的墓地法律不足以管理尸,造成环境风险. 需要新的法规和实践,例如垂直墓地,以控制液污染并保护公共健康.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 环境法 环境法 环境法
背景情况:
- 墓地产生的死,潜在的污染物地下水,地表水和土壤.
- 在巴西,墓地废物管理是州和市政府共同承担的责任.
- 现有的立法是分散的,只有一半的巴西州和19个市镇有专门的法律.
研究的目的:
- 讨论巴西关于墓地废物管理的环境卫生立法.
- 突出现行法律中的空白和局限性.
- 建议对死控制和风险减轻进行改进.
主要方法:
- 对巴西现有的有关墓地的环境卫生法规进行分析.
- 识别立法缺口和环境漏洞.
- 对死骸管理的潜在解决方案的审查.
主要成果:
- 只有50%的巴西州和19个城市有专门的墓地立法.
- 目前的法律很宽泛,存在很大的差距,缺乏具体的死控制措施.
- 缺乏评估巴西法律对环境死骸污染影响的研究.
结论:
- 巴西对墓地的环境卫生法规不足以防止死尸污染.
- 在脆弱地区需要加强评估和新的水质参数 (例如, *C. perfringens*).
- 应考虑使用垂直墓地和火葬等替代实践来减轻环境风险.
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