经验丰富和新手驾驶员在警告或无警告的近距离前进碰撞时的视觉和驾驶行为的比较
Jordan Navarro1,2, Emanuelle Reynaud1, Marie Claude Ouimet3
1Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), University Lyon 2, 69007 Lyon, France.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 14, 2023
概括
前方碰撞预警系统 (FCWS) 显著减少了接近碰撞的事件,并改善了驾驶员的视觉行为. 然而,它们可能会增加反应时间,这表明使用这种技术的司机需要认知成本.
科学领域:
- 人与计算机的交互
- 汽车安全 汽车安全
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 前方碰撞预警系统 (FCWS) 是先进的驾驶辅助系统,旨在提高道路安全.
- 了解FCWS对驾驶员行为的影响,特别是对于新手和经验丰富的驾驶员来说,对于其有效实施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较FCWS对新手和经验丰富的驾驶员在接近碰撞事件和驾驶行为方面的影响.
- 调查FCWS在关键驾驶场景中对视觉注意力和反应时间的影响.
- 分析与FCWS使用相关的认知成本和安全益处.
主要方法:
- 一个驾驶模拟器研究涉及新手和经验丰富的司机超过六周.
- 收集有关接近碰撞事件,视觉行为 (固定) 和驾驶行为 (制动反应时间) 的数据.
- 使用FCWS的组与没有自动化的对照组 (无自动化组) 的比较.
主要成果:
- FCWS的存在大大减少了接近碰撞的事件,并在这些事件中增强了视觉行为.
- 与FCWS相比,制动反应时间明显更长,这表明认知负载.
- 新手驾驶员从FCWS中获得了轻微的安全益处,这可能是由于情况分析方面的帮助.
结论:
- FCWS在减少接近碰撞事件方面表现出整体效率,支持其在提高汽车安全方面的作用.
- 观察到的反应时间的增加凸显了潜在的认知成本,这需要进一步调查.
- 研究结果表明,需要继续研究FCWS的设计和驾驶员培训,以优化其好处并减轻潜在的缺点.
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