在肉种群中使用基因组复序跨代的间接预测的导出
Jorge Hidalgo1, Daniela Lourenco1, Shogo Tsuruta1
1Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Journal of animal science
|October 14, 2023
概括
基因组估计育种值 (GEBV) 的间接预测是准确的,使用动物的子集. 这种方法提供了相当于直接GEBV的预测,即便它来自于遥远的世代.
科学领域:
- 动物育种与遗传学
- 量化遗传学 量化遗传学
- 基因组选择 基因组选择
背景情况:
- 基因组估计的繁殖值 (GEBV) 对于选择没有表型的动物至关重要.
- 使用GEBV的一个子集的间接预测 (IP) 可以估计未定型动物的繁殖值.
- 优化子集选择是最大化间接预测预测能力的关键.
研究的目的:
- 确定复发的最佳动物数量,以最大限度地提高间接预测中的预测能力.
- 评估间接预测与基因组估计育种值 (IP-GEBV) 之间的等价性.
- 为了研究如何预测能力的趋势变化与IP衍生的最近相比遥远的几代人.
主要方法:
- 利用了12个世代的82万只鸟类的大数据集,以体重,料摄入量,体重增加和乳房肉的百分比为表型.
- 过去六代154万只鸟类的基因型可用.
- 通过分析基因组关系矩阵 (1Me,2Me及其分数) 的固有值,评估复发所需的动物数量. 通过关联IP和GEBV预测来衡量等价性.
主要成果:
- 间接预测 (IP) 的预测能力从0.25Me显著增加到1Me (平均增加11%),从1Me到2Me的收益微不足道.
- 无论IP是从跨世代 (8-11) 的随机子集衍生出来的,还是仅仅来自最近一代 (第11代) 的,IP-GEBV相关性都是高且一致的.
- 当IP基于更远的世代 (例如Gen 8) 的GEBV时,观察到相关性和预测能力的边际下降,可能是由于选择或非添加效应.
结论:
- 大约1万只动物 (约7131只) 足以提供准确的间接预测 (IP),相当于直接基因组估计的繁殖值 (GEBV).
- 来自最近几代的IP显示,与远一代的IP相比,其预测能力略高.
- 累积多达四代的表型适度增加了预测能力,这表明了基因组评估中历史数据的价值.
相关概念视频
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes
8.0K
While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
8.0K
Genetic Drift
39.8K
Natural selection—probably the most well-known evolutionary mechanism—increases the prevalence of traits that enhance survival and reproduction. However, evolution does not merely propagate favorable traits, nor does it always benefit populations.
39.8K
Gene Duplication and Divergence
6.1K
The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
6.1K
What is Population Genetics?
58.0K
A population is composed of members of the same species that simultaneously live and interact in the same area. When individuals in a population breed, they pass down their genes to their offspring. Many of these genes are polymorphic, meaning that they occur in multiple variants. Such variations of a gene are referred to as alleles. The collective set of all the alleles within a population is known as the gene pool.
58.0K
Gene Families
8.8K
Gene families consist of groups of genes proposed to have originated from a common ancestor. Typically these arise through events in which a gene or genes are mistakenly duplicated during cell division. Unlike their parent genes (which are subject to selection pressure to maintain function), these gene copies do not need to preserve their sequences and may evolve at a relatively faster rate.
Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...
Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...
8.8K
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.8K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.8K


