相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 13, 2025

13:48
Design and Construction of an Urban Runoff Research Facility
Published on: August 8, 2014
13.1K
景观模式对城市雨水排放中的酸盐和有机微粒输入的影响
Yifan Hou1, Shihui Wang1, Yukun Ma1
1State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekou Outer Street, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
Journal of environmental management
|October 14, 2023
概括
通过减少碎片化和增加透表面的连接性来优化城市景观模式,可以显著降低雨水排水中的酸和有机颗粒. 这种方法有助于减轻来自城市来源的污染.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 城市水文学 城市水文学
- 生态系统管理 生态系统管理
背景情况:
- 城市化增加了雨水下水中的污染.
- 透气和不透气表面的景观模式影响污染物运输.
- 需要有效的管理策略,以减轻城市流域中气负载.
研究的目的:
- 研究透气/不透气地带的景观模式如何影响雨水中的度 (酸和有机颗粒).
- 为了确定景观模式指数对源贡献的影响.
- 评估景观模式优化对城市雨水气减排的潜力.
主要方法:
- 选择了六个景观模式指数:平均接近指数 (MPI),最大补丁指数 (LPI),平均形状指数 (MSI),景观形状指数 (LSI),连接指数 (CONNECT) 和分割指数 (SPLIT).
- 分析了这些指数与道路排水和排水流中的度 (NO3-N,PON) 之间的关系.
- 评估了景观模式对污染物的来源贡献的影响.
主要成果:
- 穿透性补丁的碎片化程度较低,复杂性更高,连接性更强,与道路排水和排水流中的NO3-N度降低有关.
- 这些景观特征也导致了道路流水中的PON度较低.
- 优化的景观模式有效地减轻了道路下水的NO3-N和PON的贡献.
结论:
- 优化景观图案,特别是减少碎片化和增强透气表面的连接性,是缓解城市雨水污染的可行策略.
- 将低影响开发 (LID) 与战略景观模式设计相结合,可以在采集区规模上改善管理.
- 透气和不透气地带的空间布局是控制城市水域气出口的关键因素.
相关概念视频
The Nitrogen Cycle
52.5K
Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
52.5K
Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism
8.1K
Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
8.1K
Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation
22
Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme...
22
Primary Production
23.6K
The total amount of energy acquired by primary producers in an ecosystem is called gross primary production (GPP). However, of this energy, producers use some for metabolic processes, and some is lost as heat, decreasing the amount of energy available to the next trophic level. The remaining usable amount of energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP). In terrestrial ecosystems, NPP is driven by climate, while light penetration and nutrient availability drive NPP in aquatic ecosystems.
23.6K
Conservation of Mass in Moving, Nondeforming Control Volume
1.1K
Stormwater detention basins are essential in managing runoff during heavy rainfall, particularly in urban areas where impervious surfaces increase the risk of flooding. Understanding the conservation of mass in these systems allows engineers to optimize basin performance, balancing inflow, outflow, and water storage.
In the context of a detention basin, the conservation of mass states that the total mass of water entering the basin must equal the mass leaving the basin plus any accumulation of...
In the context of a detention basin, the conservation of mass states that the total mass of water entering the basin must equal the mass leaving the basin plus any accumulation of...
1.1K

