西班牙的职业重度饮酒:工作日和周末之间的差异
César Pérez-Romero1, Gregorio Barrio2,3, Marta Donat2,3
1National School of Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute, 5 Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 28029, Madrid, Spain. cesar.perezromero@outlook.es.
Journal of community health
|October 15, 2023
概括
在重度平均饮酒 (HAD) 中的职业差异在工作日和周末之间有所不同. 低技能工作显示出更高的周日风险,而高技能工作则有更大的周末增加,特别是在女性中,影响预防策略.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 通过结合工作日和周末数据来估计职业重平均饮酒 (HAD) 风险,可能会掩盖不同的因果因素.
- 了解饮酒模式中的性别特定职业差异对于有针对性的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过区分工作日和周末,以及按性别来评估重平均饮酒 (HAD) 的职业差异.
- 为了在一周的不同时间内识别高HAD风险的特定职业.
主要方法:
- 分析了2011-2020年间42,108名西班牙雇员 (16-64岁) 的全国调查数据.
- 重度平均饮酒 (HAD) 定义为>20g/day (男性) 或>10g/day (女性).
- 普森回归模型被用来估计流行率 (aPRs) 和调整过度流行率 (aEPs) 根据职业,性别和周期,控制共变量.
主要成果:
- 在建筑,酒店和初级部门的工人 (1.92-1.62) 的工作日HAD-aPR最高.
- 技术人员/管理人员,其他专业人员,教师和卫生专业人员 (8.33-6.44) 的周末-周日HAD-aEP最高.
- 在周末,HAD风险的相对增加在女性中明显高于男性,特别是在高技能职业中.
结论:
- 在平日HAD中存在显著的职业差异,低技能工作的风险更高.
- 在HAD风险的显著相对增加发生在周末,特别是在高技能职业和女性中.
- 对有害饮酒的预防策略应该在一周内考虑这些独特的职业和性别特异性模式.
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