幼儿运动技能发展和工作记忆处理的不同特征:来自fNIRS的证据
Quanliang Zheng1, Aiping Chi2, Bing Shi2
1School of Physical Education, Xi'an Fanyi University, Xi'an, China.
Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience
|October 16, 2023
概括
具有较高运动技能的儿童表现出更好的工作记忆性能和独特的大脑活动模式. 这项研究将运动发育与早期儿童的认知功能联系起来.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 运动学习是指运动学习.
背景情况:
- 工作记忆和运动技能对于幼儿发展至关重要.
- 了解运动技能发展与工作记忆等认知功能之间的相互作用是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 研究学龄前儿童运动技能发展和工作记忆处理之间的关系.
- 探索与工作记忆任务相关的大脑激活模式,与运动技能水平相关.
主要方法:
- 101名学龄前儿童 (4-6岁) 进行了运动技能 (MOBAK尺度) 和工作记忆 (块任务) 的评估.
- 功能近红外光谱学 (fNIRS) 在记忆任务期间监测前额叶皮层 (PFC) 血液动力学信号.
- 使用MATLAB和Homer2分析氧化血红蛋白 (Oxy-Hb) 度.
主要成果:
- 与运动技能较低的儿童相比,具有高运动技能的儿童在工作记忆任务上表现出更高的准确性.
- 氧化血红蛋白 (Oxy-Hb) 水平的显著差异在左脊侧PFC和Broca区域观察到.
- 较高的运动技能群体在要求高的工作记忆任务时,在特定的PFC区域显示出更明显的脑活性 (更高的Oxy-Hb).
结论:
- 在幼儿的运动技能水平和工作记忆能力之间存在强烈的关联.
- 增强的运动技能与在工作记忆挑战期间更强大的神经激活模式相关.
- 研究结果提供了对幼儿期运动学习和认知发展的见解.
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