目前对食纤维及其在慢性疾病中的作用的理解
Ifrah Fatima1, Imali Gamage2, Reuben Joaquim Ricardo De Almeida3
1Internal Medicine Resident, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (UMKC-KCMO).
Missouri medicine
|October 16, 2023
概括
增加食纤维 (DF) 摄入量对体重管理和心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险降低有好处. 然而,关于其对炎症性肠病 (IBD) 和结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 的影响的证据仍然不确定.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 肠道微生物组研究研究
- 慢性疾病流行病学 慢性疾病流行病学
背景情况:
- 食纤维 (DF) 是至关重要的,但在北美消费不足.
- 消化不良与通过肠道微生物群代谢物,如短链脂肪酸,产生抗炎作用有关.
- 现有研究强调了DF与降低肥胖风险,改善减肥和预防心血管疾病 (CVD) 的关联.
研究的目的:
- 审查当前关于饮食纤维摄入量与各种健康结果之间的关联的证据.
- 评估DF对肥胖,心血管疾病 (CVD),炎症性肠病 (IBD) 和结直肠癌 (CRC) 的影响.
主要方法:
- 文献综述和现有关于食纤维摄入量和健康结果的研究综合.
- 关于DF在肥胖,心血管疾病,IBD (克罗恩病和性结肠炎) 和CRC中的作用的证据强度分析.
- 考虑研究的局限性,包括缺乏随机化和对纤维类型/来源的控制.
主要成果:
- 发现的最强的关联是DF摄入量和降低肥胖风险,增加体重减轻和降低心血管疾病风险.
- 微弱的证据将DF摄入与IBD风险,缓解和克罗恩病 (CD) 爆发的减少联系起来;对于性结肠炎 (UC) 没有发现益处.
- 关于DF在结直肠癌 (CRC) 风险降低中的作用的证据是模两可的.
结论:
- 增加DF摄入量可能是慢性疾病管理的成本有效策略,特别是在肥胖和心血管疾病方面.
- 需要进一步研究强大的方法,以澄清DF在IBD和CRC中的作用.
- 目前的证据支持建议增加DF消费,以获得与体重和心血管健康相关的一般健康益处.
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