在农村社区获得早期护理和教育:对儿童上学准备的影响
Taryn W Morrissey1, Scott W Allard2, Elizabeth Pelletier2
1Department of Public Administration and Policy at American University, United States.
The Russell Sage Foundation journal of the social sciences : RSF
|October 16, 2023
概括
公共早期护理和教育 (ECE) 计划,如Head Start,在非大都市地区更为普遍,有助于减少差距. 农村儿童参加私人ECE课程较少,但在控制地理位置时,学校准备差距缩小.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 教育政策 教育政策
- 农村社会学 农村社会学
背景情况:
- 在早期护理和教育 (ECE) 的获取和质量方面存在地理差异.
- 了解ECE在塑造学校准备的作用对于公平的结果至关重要.
- 县级的经济和人口因素可能会影响ECE项目参与.
研究的目的:
- 检查ECE项目参与和提供的地理差异.
- 调查农村与大都市地区的ECE接入和学校准备之间的关系.
- 确定影响儿童早期教育经验的因素.
主要方法:
- 将县级的ECE,经济和人口统计数据与来自2010-2011年幼儿园班的早期儿童纵向研究的儿童级数据联系起来.
- 在非大都会和大都会县之间比较ECE参与和提供.
- 分析学校准备程度的差异,控制地理特征.
主要成果:
- 公共ECE计划,特别是Head Start,在非大都市社区发挥着更大的作用.
- 农村县的儿童不太可能参加私人中心的ECE,非营利性儿童保育费用较低.
- 当控制地理特征时,学校准备的农村和大都市差异会减少.
结论:
- 县级的背景和州的政策显著塑造了儿童的早期教育经验.
- 公共ECE投资对于减少ECE出席率差异至关重要.
- 有针对性的公共ECE倡议可以帮助缩小成绩差距,改善儿童的成绩.
相关概念视频
01:30Specialized Care Centers and Settings-II
738
Rural Health Centers
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
738
01:30Information Processing Approach
48
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
48
01:29Environmental Influences on Intelligence
312
Despite the strong genetic influence on traits like intelligence, environmental factors significantly shape outcomes. For example, while over 90% of height variation is due to genetic differences, environmental factors such as nutrition also have a notable impact. Similarly, for intelligence, changes in a child's surroundings can significantly alter their IQ. Research shows that enriched environments boost children's academic success and help them develop key cognitive skills. Children...
312
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
117
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
117
01:21The Nativist Approach
77
The nativist approach to infant cognitive development proposes that infants are born with inherent knowledge structures that allow them to interpret the world almost immediately. This perspective contrasts with earlier developmental theories, such as those proposed by Jean Piaget, which emphasized a more gradual acquisition of cognitive abilities through interaction with the environment. One key concept in this approach is object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to...
77
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
61
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
61